Assault support

Assault transport
air delivery
air to air refueling
BI
TRAP
AIR EVACUATION
air logistical support

Assault transport

Raid
air assault
R&S team insert
QRF
in-extremis hostage rescue

Sparrowhawk

Reinforced Platoon-size GCE QRF

Bald eagle

Reinforced Company -size GCE QRF

Routine mission precedence

administrative or tactical transport of personnel, materiel, or equipment when time is not a critical factor and delay would not endanger lives or loss of materiel.
-A routine CASEVAC would be assigned for the tiltrotor evacuation of deceased personnel, a patient with a minor illness, or a patient requiring routine transfer from one medical facility to another for further treatment

Priority mission precedence

tactical movement of personnel, materiel, or equipment where excessive delay would jeopardize the success of the mission.
- includes logistic operations where delay would result in excessive materiel loss either through spoilage or seizure by the enemy.
- A priority CASEVAC would be assigned for the tiltrotor evacuation of seriously wounded, injured, or ill personnel who require hospitalization but whose immediate evacuation is not a matter of life or death.

Urgent mission precedence

Urgent precedence is applicable only to the CASEVAC of critically wounded, injured, or ill personnel whose immediate evacuation is a matter of life or death.

Emergency mission precedence

Emergency precedence is assigned for missions involving the safety of US or other friendly lives and missions requiring immediate transport of vital supplies or equipment.

Mandatory mission precedence

Mandatory precedence is assigned for missions involving possible loss of human life or national prestige to the extent that normally unacceptable risks are taken in their accomplishment.

Low threat environment

A low threat environment allows operations to proceed without prohibitive interference.
-also referred to as permissive.
-at a minimum, always assume a low threat environment, not a no threat environment.
A low threat environment may include the following:
-Small arms and medium antiaircraft weapons.
-Limited optical acquisition air defense artillery (ADA) with no integrated fire control systems.

Medium threat environment

A medium threat environment is one in which the specific aircraft's performance and weapon systems capability allows acceptable exposure time to enemy air defenses.
-restricts the flexibility of tactics in the immediate target/objective area (OA).
-enemy may have limited radar and/or electro-optical (EO) acquisition capability at medium range, but a fully integrated fire control system does not support the air defense system.
-normally allow medium altitude missions/attack deliveries with low probability of engagement by enemy air defenses.
A medium threat environment may include the following:
• Limited radar or EO acquisition capability not supported by fully integrated fire control systems.
• A fully integrated fire control system that is degraded because of terrain, weather, or other factors.

VDD

160-180; 170 kcas

Max 10k PA

HSD speeds

185-210; 200 kcas

Fade

Threat system encroached within established parameters based on threat system capabilities

Bugout

initiate the immediate response to a threat within weapons system parameters. Refueling will normally cease.

EMCON 1

Any and all emitters are authorized

EMCON 2

Routine EMCON: A. Emission Option 2 is the desired standard for day to day TAAR.

General:
B. Radio silent formation except for RV and TAAR which is conducted with limited radio exchange.
C. All other emitters are authorized.
D. Essential radio transmissions for flight safety may be made.
E. At initial contact, receivers and tankers will exchange call signs, FL/altitude/height, Mode 3 and any changes in tanker timing that would affect RV (in minutes early or late).
F. Altimeter setting and hot armament check will also be coordinated, if applicable.
G. If not at the planned RV FL/altitude/height, an additional call is required when reaching that FL/altitude/height.

Restrictions under EMCON 2:
H. More restrictive procedures under emission Option 2 will be fully coordinated between tanker and receiver units. In an emergency/abnormal condition (KC-1) the tanker may transmit over an TAAR frequency.

EMCON 3

Radio silent operations including formation, RV and TAAR. the use of other emitters is authorized unless specifically prohibited

EMCON 4

No emitters will be used unless specifically authorized by the plan that TAAR is supporting (ATO, SPINS, rules of engagement [ROE], operations plan, safe passage procedures, or other mission directive).

MIJI

meaconing, intrusion, jamming, and interception

Amphibious assault

1 Conduct amphibious raid
2. Conduct maritime amphibious interception operations (MIO)
3. Conduct advance force operations

Expeditionary Support to Other Operations/Crisis Response and Limited Contingency Operations

1. Conduct noncombatant evacuation operations (NEO)
2. Conduct humanitarian assistance (HA)
3. Conduct stability operations
4. Conduct tactical recovery of aircraft and personnel
5. Conduct joint and combined operations
6. Conduct aviation operations from expeditionary shore-based sites
7. Conduct/support theater security cooperation (TSC)
8. Conduct airfield/port seizure

MEU(SOC) Special Operations

1. Conduct direct action operations (DA)
2. Conduct special reconnaissance (SR)
3. Conduct foreign internal defense (FID)

VMM Mission essential task list

Aviation operations from expeditionary sea-based sites
Aviation Ops from expeditionary shore-based sites
Rapid insertion/extraction
Battlefield illumination
Air evacuation
TRAP
Combat assault transport
ADGR
Airborne C3 platform
Air delivery

MEU Mission essential tasks

1 Amphibious assault
2 Expeditionary Support to Other Operations/Crisis Response and Limited Contingency Operations
3 special ops

Tiger fuel

triggers to commit to mission related actions and should be briefed by the flight lead

Hold down fuel

Bingo + 1000lbs

Amphibious raid

operation involving a swift incursion into, or temporary occupation of, an objective followed by a planned withdrawal.

Direct action operations

DA operations are short-duration strikes and other small-scale offensive actions to seize, destroy, capture, recover, or inflict damage on designated personnel or material

Meaconing

system of receiving radio beacon signals and rebroadcasting them on the same frequency to confuse navigation. Meaconing stations cause inaccurate bearings to be obtained by aircraft or ground stations.

RVL waveoff criteria

Ground speeds at or less than 15 KGS at 50 feet.
Ground speeds at or less than 5 KGS at 20 feet.
Lateral drift at or less than 3 KGS at touchdown.
Rate of descent at or less than 400 fpm.
Climbing above profile in a hover or entering a HOGE condition.

Popeye

A pilot term used to indicate that his aircraft has entered IMC.

High threat environment

- enemy has an air defense structure that includes integrated fire control systems and electronic warfare capabilities that would seriously diminish the ability of friendly forces to provide necessary air support.
- includes low and medium threats plus a threat dispersion pattern that denies avoidance and requires penetration through an area with a high probability of detection and subsequent attrition if suitable defensive countermeasures and/or tactics are not immediately available.
A high threat environment may include, but is not limited to:
• Effective C2 network.
• Mobile and/or tactical and strategic surface-to-air missiles (SAM). • Early warning (EW) radars.
• Electronic warfare (EW).
• Integrated ADA fire control systems.
• Intercept aircraft.

TAC[A]

A tactical air coordinator (TAC[A]) is an officer who coordinates, from an aircraft, the actions of other aircraft engaged in air support of ground or sea forces. Within the MACCS, the TAC(A) is a naval aviator or naval flight officer who is the senior air coordinator in control of all aircraft operating within the assigned area. The primary mission of the TAC(A) is to act as an airborne extension of the (DASC), tactical air command center (TACC) or fire support coordination center (FSCC), and to coordinate fire deconfliction among the tactical air control parties (TACP), forward air controllers (FAC)/forward air controllers (airborne) (FAC[A]), artillery, and naval gunfire.

ASC[A]

An assault support coordinator (airborne) (ASC[A]) is an aviator who coordinates, from an aircraft, the movement of aviation assault assets during assault support operations. The ASC(A) is an experienced aviator with an extensive knowledge of the MACCS who serves as an airborne extension of the DASC. The ASC(A) assists in providing situational awareness (SA) to the assault force, relays requests to the DASC, exercises launch authority for immediate and on-call missions, coordinates with the TAC(A), and provides routing recommendations to the AMC.

Tactical planning considerations

• Frequencies—appropriate time period, active/secure requirements, crypto selection.
• Fuels—mission/Joker/Bingo fuels, fuel availability, fuel/time for contingency holding.
• Fires—EFSTs, objective area fires integration, assault sectors of fire, ACMs.
• Triggers—mission events, contingencies, event/time driven, correlated to Go/No-Go.
• Deconfliction—time, lateral distance, and altitude deconfliction, routing, chokepoints.
• Accountability—MACO plan, ASSAT/ASLT, reporting requirements.

Medium/High Altitude Airspeed

lower calibrated airspeeds. However, the reduced calibrated airspeed (CAS) translates to a greater true airspeed (TAS) that, depending on winds, equals a faster ground speed

DASC

Direct Air Support Center: The DASC is a subordinate operations component of a tactical air control system designed for control and direction of close air support and other tactical air support operations. The DASC is normally collocated with fire-support coordination elements. The DASC processes immediate direct air support requests, controls assigned aircraft (through procedural control), and coordinates aircraft employment with supporting arms.

TAOC

Tactical Air Operations Center (TAOC) is the MACCS's principal air defense agency that conducts airspace control and management. Through radar inputs from its organic sensors and data link information from other military radar units (MRU), the TAOC provides real-time surveillance of assigned airspace in addition to air direction, positive aircraft control, and navigational assistance to friendly aircraft.

Brevity code/proword

code which provides no security but which has as its sole purpose the shortening of messages rather than the concealment of their content

Code word

code word method of communication significantly reduces radio transmission time, thus denying an enemy threat the ability to home on the transmission. Code words serve to keep the meaning of the word concealed from the enemy. Unlike brevity codes/prowords, whose definitions do not change, code words should change their meaning from mission to mission to prevent compromise. Code words are often used in the mission execution checklist or theater ATO special instructions (SPINS); for example, the word "COWBOYS" could mean the GCE is requesting extract.

Deconfliction methods

Route
Altitude
Time

Objective area diagram

• Sun/moon azimuth and elevation during the TOS.
• Forecast winds.
• North seeking arrow.
• Friendly positions and SoM.
• Enemy positions.
• Preplanned targets, TRP or GEOREFs.
• FW final attack headings/cones.
• Gun target line (GTL) to preplanned targets or indirect fires PDF.
• Objective area communication nets (MC, TAD, COF, LZ control, GCE TAC) and key player call signs.
• FSCMs.
• BPs.
• LZ, IP, HAs.
• Assault sectors of fire.
• Attack aircraft routes with heading and timing to BPs at the planned ingress ground speed.
• Assault aircraft routes with heading and timing from IP to LZs at the planned ingress ground speed.
• Waveoff direction.
• Threat/sensor rings.
• Conversion points.
• ACA.
• Mission coordination areas (MCA).
• Datum/grid designator.

LZ diagram

• LZ location (i.e., MGRS grid or latitude and longitude)
• Topography
• Soil composition
• LZ size in meters
• Elevation in feet
• Orientation (N-S and E-W)
• Obstacles
• Winds
• Ingress/egress heading
• ITG
• Landing formation
• Landing sites and points
• Sun/moon position
• Fields of fire
• Waveoff direction
• TRPs and GEOREFs
• Friendly and enemy positions
• North "seeking" arrow
• Frequencies

Scan lists

Scan lists can either be plain text or cipher text, but not both. If scanning both plain and cipher text, the scan list will have to be all cipher text. This will allow plain text reception, but will not allow transmission of plain text while in scan.

Preset channel 31 and 32 are always present with no frequency displayed. The comment field for Channel 31 is labeled SCAN1, and the comment field for Channel 32 is labeled SCAN2.

TOT calculation methods

1 enter the TOT time minus 1 minute to allow time for the conversion and approach into the zone

2 set the TOT to the IP flying a constant ground speed to that point, then flying a standard slowdown profile over a known distance that can be accounted for during mission planning (e.g., IP located 5 NM from LZ; planned slowdown time is 3 minutes; TOT is set at IP 3 minutes before "L-hour")

L hour

The time at which the first helicopter of the helicopterborne assault wave touches down in the landing zone.

H hour

The specific hour on D-day at which a particular operation commences

CAS

close air support: fires in close proximity to friendlies, requires integration with GCE on ground

DAS

Deep air support: unrestricted forces beyond the FLOT, no detailed integration required

FAC(A)

Forward air controller. A naval aviator or naval flight officer specifically trained, qualified, and designated to perform the dual tasks of conducting aerial reconnaissance/surveillance and exercising control from the air, of aircraft engaged in CAS of ground forces. Normally the FAC(A) functions as an airborne extension of the TACP or ground commander. The FAC(A) can provide terminal control for CAS aircraft alone, or he can assist the ground FAC.

Tactical approach timing

Tactical approaches as described from a 3-NM CvP average between 1+45 and 2+15 minutes to wheels on deck

Conversion point selection

3 miles. adjust the CvP ±0.1 NM for every 10 KGS from 240 KGS

absolute minimum safe vertical separation between separate elements

200 ft AGL

considerations for positioning an MV-22 in a traditional mixed flight of rotary-wing assets

• Ability to close on a flight (favors placement toward the rear or outside of the flight).
• Ability to displace (favors placement toward the rear or outside of the flight).
• Precision navigation capability (favors placement near the front of the flight).
• Fields of fire for defensive weapons (favors placement toward the rear of the flight).
• Rotor-wash and brownout/whiteout effects (favors increased separation between aircraft on landing).
• CONV mode acceleration/decelerations comparable with helicopter assets.

Straight in tactical approach

used when the ingress heading is within + 45 degrees of the landing heading for a preplanned LZ. Most desirable

90-degree offset tactical approach

used when the ingress heading is 90 degrees ±45 degrees from the landing heading requiring an approximate 90-degree turn to final

180-degree offset tactical approach

used when the ingress heading is 180 degrees ±45 degrees of the landing heading, requiring an approximate 180-degree left/right turn to final.

Types of descents

Standard
Tactical
Max

Standard descent

Enroute airspeed, 2000 fpm

Tactical descent

20% Qm
240 kcas
4000 fpm

Max descent

20% Qm
260 kcas
6500 fpm

RVL scale

1 Light dust—Limited horizon/vertical visibility impact
2 Moderate dust—Ground reference maintained, significant horizon/vertical visibility degraded from some aircrew positions
3 Visibility degraded for all aircrew; ground reference temporarily lost by at least 1 pilot
4 Heavily degraded visibility for all aircrew; ground reference temporarily lost by at least one pilot and one CC/AGO
5 Ground reference lost by all aircrew until on deck

Battle position

maneuvering area that contains firing points laterally and in-depth for attack helicopters.

2x2 boxes for a section
3-5 mi from BP to LZ

MCA

Mission coordination area
Soda

ACA

Airspace coordination area
3D
Aircraft in ACA are safe from friendly surface fires
Cameras

Embassy evacuation phases

stand fast
leave via commercial means
evacuation
close post

Evacuation Control Center

-consist of search, processing, screening, and medical sections.
- A standard ECC package is designed for short-range operations that require screening of not more than 100 evacuees per hour.
-Normally, 25 to 50 personnel are required to operate the ECC
1 Headquarters (HQ) Section.
2 Processing Unit.
3 Medical Unit.
4 Screening Unit.
5 Transportation Unit.
6 Security Unit.

Evacuee category I

• US citizens
• Ambassador's staff of allied or assisted nation's delegation and their families
• Designated VIPs

Evacuee category II

• Alien members of American families
• Allied or assisted nations legation personnel and families

Evacuee category III

Foreign service nationals and third-country national employees of the US government

Evacuee category IV

Eligible non-Americans who are seriously ill, injured, or whose lives are in imminent peril (but who do not qualify for a higher priority)

Evacuee category V

Others eligible (as directed by ambassador or joint force commander)

Evacuee subcategories

A Pregnant women
B Unaccompanied children under 18
C Aged and infirm
D Adults with children
E Adults 18 years of age or older

Equipment required for BI

• Flare storage boxes (as required).
• Two pair of welders gloves.
• Set of cable cutters.
• Pressurized water fire extinguishers (as required).
• One shovel.
• Oxygen masks (with visor) for all aircrew and passengers on the aircraft and sufficient oxygen ports in the cabin.

LUU-2B/B BI

Normal light
240 secs, 1.9 million candlepower
2000m diameter circle of illumination
2500ft ignition altitude

LUU 19

IR. Can only be seen on NVGs

420 to 540 seconds of illumination at 450 to 650 watts/steradian after a minimum ignition altitude of 6,000 feet AGL.

Therefore at approximately 4000m slant range a single LUU-19 flare will provide 0.0022 lux.

three basic BI targets

Point target
Linear target
Area target

Point target

Used to illuminate a small area of interest, such as a Landing Zone or extraction point. Either a single flare or group of flares is released nearly simultaneously over a point.

Linear target

Used to illuminate a linear target such as a road or river. A string of flares is released parallel to the road or river providing desired illumination.

Area target

Used to illuminate an area target such as a drop zone or a large objective area. A single or a string of flares is released to provide the desired illumination

BI drop patterns

Racetrack
Continuous orbit
Dogbone
Continuous illumination

Racetrack BI drop pattern

effective for constant illumination of a point target or area target.

Continuous orbit BI drop pattern

effective for constant illumination of a point target.

Dogbone

effective for constant illumination of a linear target. After a string of flares is dropped, a course reversal at each end of the pattern quickly returns the aircraft to the reciprocal run-in course over the same drop line.

Continuous illumination

MV-22 to release the first string of flares at a preplanned time. Once the initial flares are released, the aircraft will enter a pattern that allows the subsequent strings of flares to be released and ignited prior to the burnout of the preceding flares in order to provide constant illumination of an area for a set period of time or as directed by the mission commander.

BI drop altitude

can start at 3,000 AGL but should be the highest altitude commensurate with threat and mission accomplishment considerations.

BI timer settings

Available timer settings are 250, 500, 1,000, 1,500 (N/A on LUU-2 A/B), and 2,000 through 11,000 in 1,000-foot intervals.

Although the LUU-2B/B and the LUU-19 have a 250 setting, 500 is the minimum timer setting for MV-22 operations.

Recommended min ignition altitudes

LUU-2 A/B and LUU-2B/B should be ignited at 2,500 feet AGL for ground illumination to ensure burnout prior to ground contact.

LUU-19 should be ignited at a minimum of 6,000 AGL.

HST

Helicopter Support Team

signalman, static wand person, hookup person, and team superviso

Fe

External load drag. Calculated by HAT team. Can be entered into JMPS

AUTO JETT occurs when

external cargo hooks sense 300 pounds or less

"FIGHTS ON"

Call made when commencing a maneuvering line number

"Hats off"

No longer role playing

Fox

Simulated/actual launch of air-to-air weapons.

FARME

Aircraft status report:
1) F: Fuel in hours and minute remaining.
2) A: Gun ammunition remaining.
3) R: Rockets remaining.
4) M: Missiles remaining.
5) E: Expendables remaining.

DIRT

RWR indication of surface threat in search mode.

buddy spike (position/bearing/altitude)

Friendly system radar lock-on indication on RWR.

BRAA

Tactical control format providing target bearing, range, altitude and aspect, relative to a friendly aircraft

Weapons conditions

Free - fire at targets not PID as friendly IAW ROE
Tight - fire only at targets PID as hostile IAW ROE
Hold - fire only in self defense

Golden freq

Pre-briefed intraflight freq upon which all members of a flight can be marshaled ICO comm degradation (usually single channel UHF clear)

Cruise

0.0 and 0.2 DME with 25 feet of either step-up or step-down based upon the mode of flight

Combat cruise

0.3- to 1.0-NM in both CONV and APLN modes
free to maneuver aft between the 100-degree bearing on either side of the flight leader

Combat spread

0.5 NM to 2.0 NM
±10 degrees of the lead aircraft's abeam

LAT vertical maneuver

vertical maneuver is defined by an FPV of ±5 degrees

Coupled deceleration profile

200 fpm rate of descent and decelerate at 1 KGS per second

Spike

RWR indication of an AI threat in track or launch.

Nails

(1) RWR indication of AI radar in search.
(2) RWR indication of surface threat in track mode. See DIRT and SINGER

Singer

RWR indication of SAM launch.

Naked

No RWR indications. Opposite of SPIKE/MUD/DIRT/SINGER.

Mud

(1) RWR ground threat displayed with no launch indication.
2) RWR indication of surface threat in track mode. See DIRT and SINGER.

Dirt

RWR indication of surface threat in search mode.

Variables of Terrain Clearance Tasking

aerodynamic control,
vector control,
altitude control, and
time control.

minimum speed where maximum G can be attained.

approximately 250 KCAS.
At speeds less than that, the aircraft will experience wing stall before maximum G is attained

Min speed for LAT

200 kts

Coordinating altitude

An airspace coordinating measure that uses altitude to separate users as the transition between different airspace coordinating entities.

Coordinating level

A procedural method to separate fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft by determining an altitude below which fixed-wing aircraft normally will not fly.

four types of ballistics

interior, exterior, aerial, and terminal

Interior ballistics

the factors within the barrel affecting the motion of the projectile before it leaves the barrel. These factors affect the accuracy of all aerial-fired weapons regardless of T/M/S and cannot be compensated for by aircrew actions. The total effect of all interior ballistic factors determines the velocity with which the projectile leaves the muzzle. This is defined as muzzle velocity and is expressed in feet per second (fps).

Exterior ballistics

the factors that affect projectile motion along the trajectory. The trajectory is the path described by the projectile's center of gravity (CG) as it passes from the muzzle, to the point of impact

exterior ballistic factors affecting all weapon systems are air resistance (drag), yaw, gravity, wind drift, and projectile drift (horizontal plane gyroscopic effects).

gyroscopic precession.

This force causes the projectile to precess or move to the right because US projectiles spin clockwise. To compensate for this effect, it is necessary to aim to the left of the target.

aerial ballistics

vary and depend on the projectile. Projectiles fired off of the MV-22 are spin-stabilized. Factors common to tiltrotor aircraft are turning error, rotor wash error, trajectory shift, projectile jump (vertical plane gyroscopic effect), and port-starboard effect.

Turning error

Engagement of a target in a turn results in rounds that impact short and inside the turn. To compensate for this ballistic factor, elevate the boreline axis of the weapon above the target.
--> For example, the gunner must aim high and opposite the direction of the turn.

Rotor wash

the force from the proprotor's downwash acting on a projectile. This force has an appreciable effect only if the aircraft has not reached translational lift (because rotor wash hits the round twice in ground effect and once out of ground effect)

Trajectory shift

When the boreline axis of the weapon differs from the flightpath of the MV-22, the forward velocity of the aircraft causes a change in the direction and velocity of the projectile.
Firing from the rear or ramp will cause the projectile to lose muzzle velocity; therefore, the round will fall short. Trajectory shift is corrected by leading the target with the RMWS. (Fire should be placed on the near side of the target as the MV-22 passes it.)

Projectile jump

firing to the right produces a downward jump, and firing to the left produces an upward jump. Since compensation devices do not correct for this effect, the gunner must aim slightly below the target when firing to the left and slightly above when firing to the right. No compensation is required when firing from a hover.

Port-starboard effect

Trajectory shift, projectile drift, and projectile jump result in the port-starboard effect. When firing from the left, the effects of trajectory shift and projectile drift compound each other and cause the round to move to the right. Projectile jump will also cause a round fired from the left to climb. To compensate for these three characteristics, the gunner must aim left and below (low) the target. From the right side, trajectory shift and projectile drift tend to cancel each other out.

Terminal ballistics

characteristics and effects of projectiles at the point of impact. Normally, terminal ballistics deal with different types of fuzes and warheads; however, the RMWS is concerned with only one aspect of terminal ballistics—the surface conditions at the point of impact.

Sighting techniques

• Rule One—When firing to the right, the gunner should aim high and to the right side of the target.
• Rule Two—When firing to the left, the gunner should aim low and to the left side of the target.
• Rule Three (General Rule of Thumb)—Lead by half the size of the target and aim at 7 or 2 o'clock, depending on the direction of the weapon is employed (left: left-low or right: right-high).

Tactical landing environment

3.0 NM radius from the landing zone that encompasses altitudes from the surface up to 300 feet AGL

Air support Request formats

joint tactical air strike request (JTAR) is used when requesting aircraft to support offensive air support (OAS) missions.

The assault support request (ASR) is used to request assault support

minimal requirements used to assess the threat level

Type, quantity, and quality of enemy individual weapons and weapon systems.
Control and communications systems used to integrate threat enemy systems.
Centralized or decentralized control of enemy assets.
Proficiency/training level of enemy forces.

When an AMC is assigned

When different TMS aircraft formations, each lead by its own element leader, are required for a common mission
OR when a formation of four or more aircraft must perform a multiple-sortie mission

Implied tasks

not specified but required for mission accomplishment

Essential tasks

what must be accomplished for mission success

Constraints

Things that may limit a commander's freedom of action (i.e., what the commander must do).

Restraints

Things a command prohibits its subordinates from doing (i.e., what the commander cannot do).

LASER

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

Medium altitude

outside of the engagement envelope of small arms, rocket-propelled grenades (RPG), and light ADA;
however, SAMs can still be a threat

Planning the OA

1) routes shall be deconflicted
2) fires shall be integrated.

ASLT

provide a summary of the flow and composition of assault support assets

ASSAT

detailed composition of each serial for aircraft commanders and serial leaders to aid in weight planning and accountability

SYS TOT methods

• Set SYS TOT to L-hour minus X min and plan to fly CMD GS.
• Set SYS TOT for L-hour and plan to fly X min ahead.
• Set SYSTOT to the IP rather than LZ. IP to LZ timing can then be used to hit TOT to the LZ

MCHUM must include

• All obstructions within 100 feet of the minimum altitude for the width of the route.
• All obstructions exceeding 500 feet AGL within 5 NM of the route boundary.
• Any obstruction that determines an minimum safe altitude or emergency safe altitude.
• All obstructions within 100 feet of the minimum altitude for the width of the route displayed on Vector Vertical Obstruction Data (VVOD).

Fuel planning BINGO NO FLPN setting

calculates direct routing to the point set in the CMS and via the parameters set in the CMS

FLPN BINGO fuel planning

Fuel reserve calculates the current leg based on the current aircraft and environmental parameters and then uses the parameters set in FPLN for the remaining legs

Fuel summary page in CMS

MSN > FUEL PLANNING

Displays:
planned (PLN) and actual (ACT) fuel usage
fuel remaining at the end of each leg
predicted fuel reserves at the destination.

Fuel planning updates

every 5 seconds for the current leg
every 30 seconds for future legs

Fuel flow

approximately 1,600 pounds per hour (pph) during max endurance flight profiles to more than 4,000 pph during max performance maneuvering. This translates to an operational flight window ranging from just over 2 hours to more than 4 hours

Line of sight

At bottom of the DIGMAP
Tells: if the LOS is clear or obstructed, along with an elevation (MSL), bearing, and distance to that geographical point.
A green line will show up from the aircraft to that geographic location

HAT techniques

setting this function to aircraft (A/C), will show all terrain obstacles that are co-altitude to the aircraft in yellow on the DIGMAP. All obstacles that are higher in altitude will appear in red.
An alternate technique that is useful when descending from altitude into terrain is to set the MSL alert altitude to the intended level off altitude. This will highlight any terrain features that are potential hazards during the descent

Terrain shading

24 bands of gray that are centered around the middle height of the displayed terrain. Darkest gray = highest terrain

Sun shading

15 shades of gray with the light source's azimuth and elevation adjustable. This function provides a real-time view of the terrain

Command bars deselected

No lower than 200 AGL

range and line of sight limitations of an unamplified man pack radio

MANPADS threat with a range of 3 NM in the LZ

Fuel planning BINGO NO FLPN setting

calculates direct routing to the point set in the CMS and via the parameters set in the CMS

FLPN BINGO fuel planning

Fuel reserve calculates the current leg based on the current aircraft and environmental parameters and then uses the parameters set in FPLN for the remaining legs

Fuel summary page in CMS

MSN > FUEL PLANNING

Displays:
planned (PLN) and actual (ACT) fuel usage
fuel remaining at the end of each leg
predicted fuel reserves at the destination.

Fuel planning updates

every 5 seconds for the current leg
every 30 seconds for future legs

Fuel flow

approximately 1,600 pounds per hour (pph) during max endurance flight profiles to more than 4,000 pph during max performance maneuvering. This translates to an operational flight window ranging from just over 2 hours to more than 4 hours

Line of sight

At bottom of the DIGMAP
Tells: if the LOS is clear or obstructed, along with an elevation (MSL), bearing, and distance to that geographical point.
A green line will show up from the aircraft to that geographic location

HAT techniques

setting this function to aircraft (A/C), will show all terrain obstacles that are co-altitude to the aircraft in yellow on the DIGMAP. All obstacles that are higher in altitude will appear in red.
An alternate technique that is useful when descending from altitude into terrain is to set the MSL alert altitude to the intended level off altitude. This will highlight any terrain features that are potential hazards during the descent

Terrain shading

24 bands of gray that are centered around the middle height of the displayed terrain. Darkest gray = highest terrain

Sun shading

15 shades of gray with the light source's azimuth and elevation adjustable. This function provides a real-time view of the terrain

3 types AD

• Personnel.
Container delivery system (CDS).
Door bundle.

VMM mission

support the Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment—day and night—under all-weather conditions during expeditionary, joint, or combined operations.

RESCAP

RESCAP is an aircraft patrol provided over a TRAP objective area for the purpose of intercepting and destroying hostile aircraft. Its primary purpose is to protect the CSAR task force (CSARTF) during recovery operations. RESCAP aircraft will perform the following tasks:
• Patrol over and protect the survivor until the CSARTF arrives.
• Assist the TRAP aircraft in locating and authenticating the survivor.
• Assist rescue escort (RESCORT) in suppressing ground threats.
• Protect against and ensure suppression of airborne threats.
• Function as OSC until other elements of the CSARTF arrive.

RESCORT

fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft designed to protect the recovery aircraft from possible hostile action while en route to and from the CSAR objective area and during the recovery phase. These aircraft should be capable of operating roughly within the same altitude, speed, and endurance regimes of the recovery aircraft;

Goal of TRAP

to effect the expeditious return of personnel and/or aircraft without further loss of friendly forces.

Types of TRAP

immediate or deliberate.

Precautionary TRAP options

lifeguard, airborne orbit, strip alert, and delayed TRAP.

2 methods of TRAP

single unit and TRAP task force (TTF).

Min LZ size

20 feet of obstacle clearance during the day,
50 feet of obstacle clearance at night, and
100 feet of obstacle clearance in reduced visibility.

When to deploy ramp?

It's recommended when transiting to the objective area the ramp be leveled and weapon deployed prior to a tactical descent to the IP

SOP: -should be level by the IP but no sooner than when departing HA
-TG FCLP CAL training
-when gear is down in landing phase

ALTRV

Altitude reservation
block of exclusive use airspace that is normally used for the mass movement of aircraft or other special requirements such as aerial refueling, which cannot otherwise be accomplished within the normal air traffic control framework. There are two types of ALTRVs: moving and static

Optimal hover height for water hoist recoveries

150 AGL

Optimal hover height for land hoist recoveries

100 feet AGL.

Goodrich hoist system limit

600 lbs

Avoid excessive proprotor downwash effects

Stay above 150 AWL for water Ops, 50 AGL land Ops

Types of climbs

Max rate
Max angle
Max range
Enroute airspeed

Max rate

Minimize time spent in a climb IOT transit threat envelopes expeditiously

Max angle

Minimize distance traveled while climbing (IOT get to altitude while still over friendly territory)

Max range

Fuel conservation

LZ size requirements
Day

Single 100 x 120
Section 250 x 270 FEET

LZ size requirements
Night

Single 160 x 180
Section 310 x 330 FEET

LZ size requirements
RVL

Single 200 x 200
Section 600 x 600

50 percent ruke

provides a maximum FPV (50 percent of the maneuver initiation altitude in AGL hundreds of feet) to initiate a descent from high altitude to LAT. For example, the maximum FPV for a descent from 4,000 feet AGL would be 20 degrees

5 degree rule

provides maneuver guidance following a vertical climb in response to a threat system. In order to rapidly descend back down to the LAT environment, the maximum FPV down will be 5 degrees less than the maximum FPV up during the climb

What is powered by the MWGB?

HYD 3, #1 CFG, #4 VFG, Shaft Driven Compressor (SDC) as well MWGB oil pump (the APU is not powered by the MWGB, it powers the MWGB, MWGB oil cooler, RPU and Rotor brake also reside here)

Why does the V-22 have a fuel suction pump design?

ref SECRET NATIP

When does the Fuel Boost Pump turn on

Feed Boost Pump kicks on automatically at 565 lb level in Feed Tank

What occurs when you try to aerial refuel without selecting boost pump off?

Boost pumps are pressurizing the fuel lines while activated. This can cause pressure spikes in the fuel lines potentially causing fuel system damage and/or leakage. (NATOPS)

What do you do if faced with a "must plug" situation and your boost pumps have been commanded ON by the FMU prior to selecting FMU/AERIAL REFUEL?

FMU has commanded the boost pumps ON and cannot be overridden if FMU/AERIAL REFUEL was not selected prior to refueling. Using the PCL, ref. AERIAL REFUELING WITH A FAILED FMU. The only way to override the boost pumps is to disconnect them from the system by following step 9 to pull CB.
Once pulled, the option to select TPUMP BOOST-OFF will be available. Clean up will be done by following POST AERIAL REFUELING WITH A FAILURE checklist.

• What occurs when you try and aerial refuel without selecting FCS AERIAL REFUEL?

This will result in single or multiple ADS failures. These failures are not resettable in flight. Failure to deselect FCS AERIAL REFUEL after refuel complete will degrade ADS failure detection resulting in degraded handling characteristics and inadequate structural load limiting protection.

What is the configuration and limits to fuel dump?

800ppm,
Configuration prior to fuel dump cargo ramp and door closed, landing gear up, main cabin door closed.
Parameters: >80kts, >6k AGL, ≤1000fpm ROD, NAC 0-75°

(Fume and spray avoidance from exhaust to mitigate fire)

How low will fuel dump drain the fuel system before it automatically secures?

Stopped manually or by FMU 60±10 sec after the total on-board transfer and quantity is less than 500lbs.
(does not dump Feed Tanks, but all other fuel could be dumped)

What option do you have if you needed more fuel to fly?

FMU will make the inop eng feed tank fuel avail once all other fuel has been exhausted.

Define VTOL configuration?

96-85° NAC

Max pitch in CONV mode?

20° nose up

What is the MAX AOB in conversion mode
<60° NAC? and >60° NAC?

60° AOB for less than 60°NAC and
30° AOB for greater than 60° NAC

What is NATOPS max altitude and configuration to conduct tactical maneuvering (LAT)?

(RuF M MPL - RSM) and T/R

DJs
Tissss

- Auto flaps only
- Max wt: 48,000 lbs
- Lateral CG: ±3 in
- STA CG: 395-403in
- Pedals centered, max ¼ ball out

- APLN
• Min Airspeed: 160 kts
• Max alt: 10,000 PA

- CONV - Balanced flight turning away and continuous transition to apln. Sustained CONV flt not authorized.

- VTOL - Hover pedal to change heading only, sustained VTOL flt not authorized.

• Scenario - Once designated as a TAC, you have been tasked to fly LAT. One of your co-pilots is not proficient and the other has not flown in over 30 days. Can you do this mission? List the requirements and restrictions.

- Yes you can go out and fly but no, you cannot complete mission as assigned
- Only a LATI can fly with a pilot that has lost proficiency in LAT, so your first co-pilot will have to just fly CALS or something.
- Per T&R, if not flown LAT in 30 days, the first 50 nm shall be flown at 500' to attain currency prior to descending to 200', so you can go LAT with your second co-pilot but have to stay at 500' for a while.

• Scenario: Mid Jan LAT VR1266 T/O@1400 BKN 020 OVC 060 280/10 TEMP/DEW 13/12 on file M11A/B. EL Centro F020 280/10
1) Can you depart out of airspace and cross the mountains?
2) The freezing layer is now at 6-14k, tops are at 14k What options to fly do you have when you have weather?
3) What configuration do you fly for icing environment apln/conv?

1) Request a Dash 1 wx brief when flying into IMC regardless of wx at departure location or destination to get more information on what options you have.

2) Fly below, above, around or through. V-22 can go high.

3) APLN: flaps auto, 200 kts, 60% stall, 10% Qm margin. CONV: flaps auto, 60° NAC, 110kts. Avoid extended conv/vtol

• Scenario - There is a WX Watch that was issued earlier on.
1) The forecast shows it is not progressing as originally forecasted. Can you still fly your route if it was posted along your route of flight?

2) Where does ice formation occur first on the fuselage (not where you'd see it)?

1) Yes. Storm development has not progressed as forecast. IFR is permitted if aircraft have wx radar installed and operative; OR if in controlled airspace and VMC can be maintained to allow aircraft to detect and avoid storms.

2) The empennage, Vertical stabs (no reference for this, just "common knowledge)

What are you allowed to FCF as a TAC?

Only a Ground Turn as a TAC and not FCP
NATOPS: min crew req for GT is a TAC and a plane captain. GT for leak checks shall be conducted during the daylight period only.

• In an ADB,
1) What is the breakdown of the ADB? Which side are open MAFs, closed MAFs and NPPC displayed on?
2) What is and IP and how is it filed?
3) When a D&T is done, what order is the daily and turnaround paperwork filed?
4) How long is a daily and turnaround good for?
5) What does a Z code mean?

1) Open on the Right and Closed on Left by shop, for last 10 flights it is reversed. NPPC's on the right
2) In progress, and it's filed as non-downing.
3) Turnaround then daily.
4) Daily - 72 hrs, turnaround - 24 hrs
5) (Z) - It's a downer - not able to safely fly Day flt VMC with 2-way comm and necessary a/c and safety provisions.

• When is the fuel sample taken & How long is a fuel sample good for?

Prior to the activation of the apu at the start of the day. It's good for 24 hrs.

• How many chip detectors are there?

13 - (3 prgb, 2 tagb,) x 2 each side, 1 mwgb, 1 per eng
only engine cannot do fuzz burn.

• What is the definition of Land as soon as practical/possible, immediately, PEL.

o Land as soon as practical - extended flight not recommended. Landing and duration is at the discretion of the pilot in command.
o Land as soon as possible - means land at the first site at which a safe landing can be made, and no further than your refuel point (tactical scenario)
o Land immediately - self explanatory.

Give weapons brief (in country based on ROE) to new crew chiefs as the TAC; what are weapons commands?

"Lock and Load"
"Open Fire"
"Cease Fire"
"Clear you weapon"
- The right to self-defense is never denied. The enemy is wearing this. In the zone, all males with a weapon are declared hostile. We will be weapons hold/tight/free. With a hostile act, hostile intent, PID, POO and know what's behind your target you have pre-briefed clearance to fire. Try and get the break call out before you fire.

1) How long do you conduct an engine rinse?
2) For both engines or individually?
3) What component do you activate after engine rinse has been completed?
4) What is the temperature drop for an engine rinse?

1) 1 min

2) each engine (can do individually, but we do both at same time through midwing)

3) The engine bleed valve for one minute

4) MGT decrease by 25 to 35°

When does the hi/lo altitude landing gear alert arm and trigger itself?

Low alt armed - armed when gear is up, NAC >70°, >500 fpm ROC (rate of climb)
Low alt trigger - if ROC <200 fpm for 3 secs below 240' AGL
Hi alt armed - above 240' or NAC <70°
Hi alt triggered - below 200', NAC >70° and gear not down and locked

What happens with an Eng Cont Fault?

What kind of landing criteria is generally associated with Eng Cont Fault?

This is when loss of redundancy on sensors, actuators or FADECs can occur for both the controlling and standby FADECs. The loss of redundancy is on PDS output, eng sensors and actuators (Wf or CVG FPMU), or FADECs .

There is no stated landing criteria for this advisory, however, if FADEC faults or engine control is degraded/suspected this will become a land as soon as practical.

When does INT Power activate and turn on/off?

Off: >60kts OR <70° NAC. On: <55 kts AND >70° NAC

• When does the COANDA activate for exhaust deflecter?

o Eng trq - <28%
o Ng - >67%
o NAC - > 52°
o MGT - <565°C
o NIU receives a weight on wheels indication

• Scenario - ECS CONTROLLER FAIL has occurred.
1) What does that mean?
2) What is the impact of securing the system?

1) Lost ability to control the fan output on the CDU resulting in the cockpit having the fan on full power.
2) The loss of ECS would impact OBOGGS and OBIGGS along with the avionics cooling by removing the SDC compressed air from entering the ECU.

WTI/T&R
• What is the mission of the VMM?
"3 threes"

The mission of a Marine medium tiltrotor squadron is to support the Marine air-ground task force commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment - day and night- under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.

• What are the 6 METs for a VMM squadron? (3000 level)

Sea, Shore, CAT (Combat Assault Transport), AD (Aerial Delivery), AE (Aerial Evacuation), TRAP

• Define currency and proficiency?

Proficiency - refers to when an individual has demonstrated an event in relation to the refly factor.
Currency - based on exposure frequency to a particular skill, by measuring the time since the last event within the refly factor.

• What is the requirement for transportation of pax over water at night? (2 x Proficiency, 3 x Currency)

- Pilot and copilot shall be designated NSQ (HLL and LLL), - Pilots shall be night carrier qualified
- Pilots shall have conducted a min of two night aided shipboard landings each, flown 1 hr of NVD time, within the previous 30 days.
- And TAC must have flown in past 15 days

• Per the T&R what are the requirements to conduct LAT with troops embarked? (T&R Program Manual)

1) All aircrew are qualified, proficient, and current per the T&R
2) Aircrew shall utilize FW LAT/Tiltrotor LAT areas or routes as specified in respective MAW and MAG operations SOPs.
3) The aircraft has the requisite power margin as specified in respective MAW, MAG and squadron operations SOPs.
4) Authorization for the specific FW LAT/Tiltrotor LAT training event has been approved by the MAGTF commander.
5) Waiver authority for any of the above restrictions is vested in the MEF CG.

• What is the max number of aircraft in a standard formation flight outside special use airspace?
• What is the max distance between lead and dash last at night before anti collision lights were required by both aircraft?
• How much vertical Separation
(NATOPS)

4

<1.0 DME

<500 Feet

Non-standard form would be outside the 1.0DME & 500Feet parameter

How many litters and stanchions can we carry? How many seats do you have left?

12 Litters, 5 cabin seats remain

• If issued a plane with an INOP overt spotlight, could you still take that plane on a night flight?

Yes as long as the other spotlight is still operational. The complies with T&R and OPNAV. You can also use probe light and landing gear light

• What codes could a TAC log that was not identified on the flight schedule per SOP. (9 of them)

1) FAM 2030,
2) INST 2131,
3) RVL 2133, 4) HLL CAL 2331, 5)LLL CAL 2381, 6) DAY FCLP 2931, 7) NT FCLP 2934, 8) RVL 4730, 9) EP 6033/6036

1) What is the Max flight time and crew day with an operable FDP/Coupled ability on a FERRY Flight?
2) What is the max flight time and crew day for inop FDP on a FERRY FLIGHT?
(Group SOP)

1) Flight - 9 hrs / crew day - 14 hrs (W/MAG CO extension)

2) Flt - 6.5 hrs / crew day - 12 hrs

• Describe the cabin layout if 24 troops are loaded in.

2 pilots, 25 seats in the cabin with 13 on the right and 12 on the left to accommodate 1 cc main cabin door. 12 troops per side. Jumpseat is not allowed for use on takeoff and landing (per NATOPS 2-236).

• How many litters can a V-22 could accommodate and how many seats were still available

12 litters, 4 seats for corpsmen, 1 CC at main door.

• What is the nomenclature of the MJUs and RRs regarding expendables and ASE, along with differences of each?

CHAFF - RR129, RR144 training chaff, MJU-57 fwd firing overt, MJU-32 overt, MJU-49 covert flare.

• What does the bypass switch do on the CMDS for the ALE-47?

In the event a CMDS NOGO fail appears, this will bypass the programmer and command a preprogrammed dispense directly from the sequencer.

• What are the airspeeds and altitude associated when expendables would come off?

57 - >150kts/>60 AGL,
32 - <150kts/ >60 AGL,
49 - no fwd only aft buckets <150/<60 AGL

• What are the 6 lighting conditions?

1 (Day) - pos brt, ac on top/bottom
2 (Night Unaided)- form 10, pos brt, proprtr norm 10, ac norm
3 (NVD outside restriced area) - form 10, pos dim, tail off, proprtr NVG 10, ac off, ldg gear auto-off. Last a/c tail on, ac norm (top only)
4 (NVD inside restriced area)- form 10, pos off, proprtr NVG 10, ac off, ldg gear aut-off. Last a/c pos on, ac norm (top only)
5 (NVD all covert)- form 10, pos off, proprtr NVG 10, ac off, ldg gear auto-off. Last a/c ac NVG
6 - All Lights off

In the B vs C model, what do you control on the CMDS and what does the CC control?

Bravo the CC controls the tip lights via the overhead panel, while the C model, the pilots control the tip lights on the CDU.

What are the different RVL approaches?

1) No hover (Hand Flown)
2) Assited no hover
3) Hover coupled
4) Assited hover coupled
5) Fully Coupled Approach to hover

• How do you lock in a descent rate when conducting coupled HVR approaches? (New NATOPS change)

The slew switch is a momentary 5 position switch. When HVR coupled is active in vs mode, depression and release updates the vertical speed.

• What are the different positions for Aerial Refueling?

Observation, Astern, Contact, Reform

• What are the different types of flight formations and distances related to each?

o Parade - generally welded wing
o Cruise - 0-0.2nm
o Trail - no more than 1 nm
o Combat - cruise conv: 0.1-0.2, apln: 0.3-1.5, spread - 0.5-2.0

• Why do you create a Bingo No Flt plan if you already have a flight plan with bingo calculations going?

When utilizing INAV DIR, bingo flt plan calculations are not being calculated. Bingo no flt plan will calculate with current conditions.

• What does the numeric value mean on the APR-39 RSI mean?
When the number continues to move toward the center of the RSI, what information is that providing and what are the different levels?

It is displaying the lethality rings, in the picture on ANTTP, but enemy weapons can also be displayed with numeric value (i.e. SA-4 with a "4" or SA-8 with "8")

These show which radar sequence is in use by how close to the center it is.
1- Radar Searching
2- Aquisition
3- Target Tracking
4- Fire Control / Missile Guidance Radar
5- C&D Band with missle guidance signals (i.e. IR)

It doesn't show proximity of radar, but where you are in the weapon's kill chain.

• What are the commands and manuever you would give upon detection of a Tic mark on the ASI?

C/S, Lean Right/Left, Dirt (clock dir). Since this is searching radar, the Lean maneuver will suffice and maneuver the aircraft to put the threat in the radar notch area.

• What is Lost comm Orange/Yellow in the local area?

Yellow - FW lost comm. Maintain ≤5000 MSL until NKX R64/16 Fly final of tacan 24R
Orange - INT 15 course rules at 2500' MSL recover spot 3. Or 10 mile arc at 4,000 MSL to R064/10 fly final of tacan 24R

SENIOR MEMBER
• On pre-flight, what TFOA watchlist item is located on the rudder?

??? asking Q/A for TFOA watchlist

• Would you take a plane that has a PLCU fail on a night flight?

No. cockpit lighting required for night flight.

How many Fuel pumps on aircraft?

6 total, 2 suction, 2 boost in wing, 2 boost in sponsons.

• Scenario: VMC short final NKX, LAND GEAR ABORT posts with nose gear not show down and locked.
1) Talk through steps. Include crew, instructions to fly, where you are going for trouble shooting and altitude. Fuel concerns?
2) What options to verify gear do you have?
3) How would you land? What control laws dictate the landing profile?

?

What are the 12 subsystems of the Utility Hyd system?
(Exterior-NAC & Nose - 3)
(Top - midwing - 3)
(Inside - 3)
(Bottom -3)

Engine Start
EAPS
Aereal Refuel Probe *

Rotor Brake
RPU (positioning unit)
Wing Stow

Cargo Winch
Ramp & Door
Rescue Hoist

Wheelbrakes *
Nose Wheel Stearing
Landing Gear actuators *

* - means they have back-ups

What are the 9 things NAC IPS does?

1) Prop Rotors
2) Spinners
3) Dampers
4) Inlets
5) Pitot Heat
6) AOA sensor
7) FLIR
8) Windshield
9) Detect sensor

What are the 6 things ENV bus controls

1) Avi cooling
2) OBOGS
3) OBIGS
4) A/C and Heat
5) Fuel Boost (#1 suction, #2 boost)
6) Wing Anti-ice boots

What are CFG's rated

80lb 3 phase / 200VAC, 400hz/40KVA

What are VFG's rated

60 lb 50-80 KVA, self-cooled

How many electrical busses are there, what are they?

9 total: 2 AC, 2 Env, 3 DC, 2 Batt

NAC modulation limits for shipboard ops?

when NAC angle <85 deg NAC strike on ship deck possible.
When no heat-shield modulation from 70 to 96, 2 minutes, five minutes - verify

When is it your responsibility to give the command open fire?

When you know its is safe and legal to do so. And you have attained the necessary requirements for engagement.

Can they ever fire without your approval?
How does ROE play into it?

Yes: Pre-briefed clearance to fire
Training- No pre-briefed clearance to fire
ROE determine the legality of the kill. It defines hostile act. Ex: they have to be actively shooting in your direction. Or, any person shooting is a hostile. Who is hostile? What buildings can we fire on? What line on a map determines sovereign land?

You're flying -2 for LAT, lead crashes into the mountainside near Warner Springs, what do you do? Who do you call? What does your radio call sound like?

-Attempt to assess the crash site
-Any near by landing sites
-Can I pick up any survivors?
-Attempt radio contact
-Get a grid/location
-Plot it in reference to JLI
-Call LA center: "Mayday, Mayday this is Greyhawk 22, I am currently 25mi SE of JLI. Squawking 7700. My lead aircraft Greyhawk 21 has gone down. 5 souls on board. Request discrete frequency."
-Attempt Base or Miramar Tower

PEL situation at 29 palms; you have a mx issue with a landing criteria. QA is on board, checks it out, and says it's good. However, you can't reach home with comms to get CO's permission... what now?

You cannot take off. You need one-shot permission. You can call Bearmat or KNXP TWR, for a radio relay back home. They can make phone calls for you.

You lose your ICS 29 Palms en route to dropping grunts off at a FOB..what do you do? Complete the frag? Go home?

Is the FOB secure? Are TIC? What type of assets is there? Fuel? Am I closer to FOB or home? Most likely continue. Troubleshoot on deck. The cockpit is quiet. If radios still work, we can transmit over a squadron freq to each other.

Hyd leak FOB in Afg; you're -last of an insert, and are carrying the last stick that would make up 'go' criteria for the GCE. Without that extra stick, they'll have to scrub the mission. Your hyd 2 is now at 150" 4 hours into the flight. You started with it at a normal level (200" or so). What do you do?

They won't be a GO if I crash enroute either. And if I insert a stick and am unable to extract, that will be a problem as well. I should not go in to a landing zone where I can potentially take battle damage with a leaking HYD system. I need to begin accessing possible landing sites. Can I make it back home? Can I make it to a safe FOB?

You're on deck at a FOB after dropping off pax/ stuff for a GS run, and a LtCol runs to the bird saying he has troops in contact and needs you to do a casevac right now. What do you do?

Get a hasty 9-Line out of him. Who, what, where, how many, frequency, call sign? Access aircraft status—Fuel? Expendables? Ammo? Is CASEVAC a pre-briefed mission of the day? I need to contact DASC/Battle Captain/Base/MEU CMD 1 for permission and routing to the zone. With a TIC, I can expect a CAS stack and a JTAC/FAC controlling the airspace.

Oxygen requirements:

10,000'-13,000':
-Pilot and active crew: Oxygen required
-Co-pilot: 30 min, quick don immediately available
-Crew (no physical activity): 60 min, Oxygen readily available
-Passengers: 3 hr limit

Difference between currency/proficiency:

Proficiency is a time elapse in reference to the T&R
Currency is a time elapsed in reference to SOP
"You can be Proficient but not Current"

Requirements to fly pax at night to the boat:

2 NS landings in the last 15 days

You're flying to the boat at night, and boss gives you spot 2... what are your considerations? [They read BRC, winds, pitch/roll and then hand you the shipboard PCL and you have to see if you can land there] Difference between Alternate A and B shipboard approaches.

You can't land left seat spot 2 at night
Approach A is a straight in on BRC with a slide right
Approach B is approach to 45 off BRC with a tail slide right

You're on final for the PAR into Miramar (wx is CAVU) with a new 2P, and your nose gear doesn't go down. Talk through the scenario and how you'd handle it.

Request 1600' left pattern for troubleshooting
Request 800' LHD pattern for troubleshooting
Contact base have them prep the mattresses
Check fuel state
Alt and Airspeed in the FDP: Hold
Break out PCL
Blow down steps
Request another osprey to join
Request tower fly by for light confirmation
Use FLIR to confirm lock pin
Make approach to Spot 4 when able
Lock pins before taxi

What are the checks and balances that go into making a legal flight schedule?

-Currency to sign
-Proficiency in T&R event
-OPNAV crew rest/Day
-OPNAV Daily/Weekly/Monthly flight hours
-OPNAV consecutive fly days—6
-ORM
-All Department Signatures

Mission statement of the VMM:

SUPPORT THE MAGTF COMMANDER BY PROVIDING ASSAULT SUPPORT TRANSPORTATION OF TROOP, SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT—DAY OR NIGHT—UNDER ALL WEATHER CONDITIONS DURING EXPEDITIONARY, COMBINED, OR JOINT OPERATIONS

Our METs:

SEA, SHORE, CAT, AD, TRAP, AE, RIE, ADGR, BI, C&C

Go through the ADB:

A-Sheet: Signed off, Date, EPP
Oil Consumptions
Daily/Turnaround: Check Date
020: Maintenance Control
030: Maintenance Admin
040: QA
120: Airframes
130: Flight Equipment
220: Avionics
230: Ordy
310: Flightline
Last 10 Flights

How long are daily/ turnarounds good for?

DAILY = 72 HRS FROM SIGNATURE TIME
TURNAROUND = 24 HOURS

Talk about the EPP and what it means. What's the EPP limit? Is the bird down if it goes below that percentage?

Engine Performance Percentage
Found on the A-Sheet
95% = don't take it

When you do a middle finger pull, what comes off the aircraft?

MIDDLE FINGER = REACTIVE
RING FINGER = PROACTIVE
PULL = FLARE
PUSH = CHAFF

Ring Ringer Pull = (Short: 5 & 10) / (Long: 8 &16)
Ring Finger Push = Predetermined Chaff
Middle Finger Pull = 5 or 10
Middle Finger Push = Crow Response

SETTINGS:
1- SHORT W/ TACTICAL REPEAT
2- LONG W/ TACTICAL REPEAT
3- SHORT
4- LONG

>150' & >60kts = 57s
>150' & <60kts = Flare of FWD bucket
<150' & <60kts = No FWD bucket

Nomenclature and types of expendables

MJU-32: OVERT FLARE
MJU-49: IR FLARE
MJU-57: FWD FIRING
RR-129: CHAFF
RR-144: TRAINING CHAFF

What does "O1", "O2", "CH", and "FL" mean on the CDU/DCDU?

O1: "OTHER 1" INHIBITS FWD FIRING FLARES
O2: "OTHER 2" INHIBITS COVERT FLARES
CH: "CHAFF" INHIBITS CHAFF
FL: "FLARE" INHIBITS OVERT FLARES

Talk through leak logic:

20% Loss = Res Low
30+ cubic inches = Leak
40+ cubic inches = Leak in NAC
50+ cubic inches = Hyd Fail

Goal is to provide fluid to the swash plate actuators. Isolate any leaks and preserve fluid.

When does the gear warning go off? What altitude/ nacelle angle?

Armed: T/O, NAC >70°, >500 FPM rate of climb
Low Alt: <200FPM rate of climb for 3 sec below 240' AGL

Armed: >240'AGL or NAC<70°
High Alt: <200' AGL and NAC >70°

LAT

20° / 800' APLN
15° / 600' A/S = 200-275
10° / 450' DA below 3000'
5° / 300' GW below 48,000 lb
CG = 395-403

Flapping Critical

1. Maneuver severity—Reduce
2. Land—As Soon as Possible (ROL)
If landing must be delayed:
3. APLN—Transition
4. VTOL/CONV--Minimize

100% Nr Over-Torque

84% Nr Over-torque

Qm Greater than 132% for 5 sec OR Qm = 150%

Qm Greater than 110% for 5 Sec OR Qm = 126%

Elevator Failure

*1. Roll 60° AOB
*2. VTOL—Convert
3. PFCS—Reset
4. Land—As soon as Practical

F(C)=
F(P)=
F(T)=

Failed Comm WRA (Weapons replaceable Assembly)
Failed Present Status
Failed test status

MESM

Mission Essential Subsystem Matrix- What determines PMC or FMC
-Can I fly without it?

EOC

-Equipment Operational Capability
-EOC codes are documented when a specific system or subsystem is degraded and impacts the mission capability of that equipment or aircraft.

K-Coded MAF

-This code is used when an item must be adjusted to meet calibration standards. If the item needs repair in addition to calibration and adjustment, use another code indicating the proper maintenance action.

Night Currency With troops

-One hour of HLL or LLL in the last 30 days

Ability to sign at night

-Flight with in last 15 days

How many seats are there?

28
2 - pilot
2 - crew
24 - troops (23 stroking)

What is the capacity of the life raft?

-30

EOTDA

-Electro Optical Tactical Decision Aid
-Determine the effects of environmental conditions on the performance of NVDs, FLIR, and LASER

what are the 5 Mission Precedence

-Routine
-Priority
-Urgent
-Emergency
-Mandatory

Types of Formation

1. Parade
2. Cruise
3. Trail
-Standard: 1nm & 100' alt separation
-Non-standard: Not defined; must be approved by ATC
4. Combat
-Cruise: 0.3nm - 1.5nm
-Spread: 0.5mn - 2.0nm

Scan Plan

22-25 = BTN 31
26-29 = BTN 32

Define TAC:

The TAC is responsible for the safe tactical employment of the aircraft. The TAC must demonstrate leadership qualities and traits that enable them to fly an aircraft, as well as utilize and employ the crew and weapons systems to facilitate mission accomplishment.

What are the 4 Positions at the Tanker?

Observation
Astern
Contact
Reform

Who can you tank with?

KC-130
KC-10

What is the Tanker Transfer rate?

1000lb/min

RAID Types:

X = LZ less than 300m from Obj
Y = LZ 300-1000m from Obj
Offset = LZ more than 1000m from Obj

Mandatory Calls in OBJ AREA

"Winter/Devil"
"IP Inbound"
"Continue/Hold"
"Lifting/Waveoff"

MIJI

-Meaconing: A system of receiving radio beacon signals and rebroadcasting them on the same frequency to confuse navigation

-Interference: Any electromagnetic disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of electronics or electrical equipment.

Jamming: he deliberate radiation, re-radiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy with the objective of impairing the use of electronic devices, equipment, or systems being used by an enemy.

Intrusion: he intentional insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths in any
manner with the objective of deceiving operators or causing confusion.

What are the 3 TRAP COAs

1. Location known / ambulatory
2. Location known / not ambulatory
3. Unknown location

How much time is remaining when your NVD battery low light comes on?

5-10 hours

Magellan Parameters

Lateral 1:50k = 500m / 1:250k = 1mn
Heading 15°
Timing 1 min
Other Over CP without turn

APR-39 codes: Centered F, Centered P, Quadrant F, Quadrant L, Quadrant M

Centered F: Critical AAR-47 Failure or other reportable failure of APR-39
Centered P: APR-39 Processor Failure
Quadrant F: Laser and Missile warning failure on that IOSC
Quadrant L: Laser warning failure
Quadrant M: Missile warning failure

Main components of Image intensifier tubes

Objective Lens
Photocathode: Photons into electrons
MCP: Multiplies electrons
Phosphor screen: Electrons into photons
Fiber optic inverter: Flips image
Diopter Lens: Focus image on retina

OPF

1134

MDF

4109

MATA

13,000' MSL, 240KGS, 15NM
6,000' MSL, 260-270 KGS, 9NM
300' AGL, 270KGS, 5NM

Gearbox Temp

Dual Engine Single Engine
132° High Warning 121°
110-132° High Caution 110-121°
20-110° Normal 20-110°
20° Low Caution 20°

X Insert/extract

LZ<300m from threat or objective. Capitalizing on Speed and Surprise.

Y Insert/extract

LZ>300M<1000M from objective. balance of speed surprise w/ threat exposure.

Offset Insert/extract

>1000m outside of audible range lowest risk of exposure.