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11V4 Vaccine

Dwayne Morise

Question: what is the incubation perido for flu vaccine?

Answer: incubation period of 1-4 days, contagious day 1, and up to 5-7 days of being sick

  • uncomplicated flu resolves after 3-7 days

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  • Question: live attenuated vaccines

  • Answer: shingles, live attenuated flu vaccine (nasal spray), smallpox, MMR, varicella, MMRV, rotavirus, tuberculosis, typhoid, yellow fever

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  • Question: what does CDC sontand for?

  • Answer: center of disease control and preventi

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  • Question: what are the 3 flu visuses and how are they different from each other?

  • Answer: influenza type A,B, and C

  • influenza type A- affects alln people and has 2 major surface antigens:

  • - Hemagglutinin, helps virus attach to other cells

  • - Neuraminidase, helps virus spread to other cells

  • influenzza type B- primarily affect children

  • influenza type C- rearely reported in humans

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  • Question: antigenic shift

  • Answer: involves major changes in 1 or both of the surface anitgens , probably due to genetic recombination

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  • Question: antigenic drift

  • Answer: occurs continously and results in minor changes in antigenic structure of viruses, but H&N surface proteins do not change ***

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  • Question: influenza epidemic

  • Answer: when infectious disease spreads rapidly and affects more people then expected

  • - annual flu epidemics occur as early as October , peaks in February and can last through spring (march)

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  • Question: pandemic, whatre some examples that happened in the pasty?

  • Answer: global outbreak of disease

  • 1918-19: Spanish outbreak, 30-50 mill deaths

  • 1957-58: Asian flu, 70,000 deaths

  • 1968-69: Hong Kong flu, 34,000 deaths

  • 2009-10: H1N1, CDC estimates 43-89 mill infected , 8,870-18,300 deaths

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  • Question: how long does it take to create a vaccine useing egg-based technology?

  • Answer: 6-8 months

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  • Question: since 1978 what are the 3 strains of the flu vaccine

  • Answer: - type A/ H1N1

  • - type A/ H3N2

  • - type B antigens

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  • Question: what inactivated flu vaccines existed in 2016-17 season

  • Answer: - IIV

  • - EGG BASED IIV TRIVALENT

  • - ADJUVANATED TRIVALENT FLUC VACC (A11V3)

  • - HIGH DOSE UNADJUVANTED (113-HD) & (11V3)

  • - EGG BASED/ CELL CULTURED UNADJUVANTED - QUADRIVALENT FLU VACCINE (11V4)

  • -INTRADERMAL IIV (II4-ID)

  • - CELL CULTURED BASED UNADJUVABNTED QUADRIVALENT (CCIIV4)

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  • Question: what 2 vaccinatrions are not egg-based?

  • Answer: - RIV: non egg based recombinant hemagglutinin, available as quadrivalent, trivelent form (RIV43)

  • - ccIIV (cell- cultured inactivated influenza vaccine)

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  • Question: IIV3 fluzone high dose is recomened for whom?

  • Answer: patients 65 years or older

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  • Question: IIV3 intradermal is recommened for who?

  • Answer: patients between the ages of 18-64 years old

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  • Question: FLUAD- 2015

  • Answer: the 1st trivalent adjuvanated IIV indicated fro people 65 years or older

  • - comparing Flud with IIV3 in people 65 and older, FLUAD was more effective

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  • Question: Flucelvax

  • Answer: 2012 first US licensed vaccine maufacyured with the virus propagated in canine kidney cells rather than eggs to avoid anaphalixis in patients w egg allergy for people 18 years or older

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  • Question: Flucevax quadrivalent (ccIIV4)- 2016

  • Answer: for people 4 years and older , replacing trivalent form of flucevax

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  • Question: nonegg base fluc vaccinie 2013

  • Answer: RIV3, made w recombinant hemagglutinin, for prevention of flu in patients 18-49 years old

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  • Question: RIV4 & RIV3

  • Answer: require less time to manmufacture because the process is not depedent on egg based technology

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  • Question: LAIV (live attenuated vaccine)

  • Answer: used for patients 2-49 years old, intranasally, 0.1 mL in each nostril

  • - live attenuated vaccine is cold-adopted meaning the virsus can replicate in cooler upper airways, but not in warmer lower airways and not known to cause flu

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  • Question: who is flu vaccine recommened for?

  • Answer: - all persons 6 months and older should be vacinnated annually

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  • Question: should pregnant women be vaccinated?

  • Answer: - all women who will be pregnanyt during flu season shoul db evacinated against flu regardless of trimester

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  • Question: what about people recieveing flu vaccine for the first time?

  • Answer: peole 6 months - 8 yeas recieveing lfu vaccine for first time hsohuld recieve two doses administered atelast 4 weeks apart

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  • Question: after person is vaccinated w flu vaccin ehow long does it take for antibodies to start growing

  • Answer: 2 weeks

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  • Question: has child receievd > or equal to 2 doses of trivalent/quad before July 1st?? if yes? if no?

  • Answer: if yes- administer 1 dose of flu vaccine

  • if no or dont know- adminster 2 doses

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  • Question: inactivated flu vaccine is recommned for who?

  • Answer: - children younger than 2 years old, patients 50 years or older, or anyone w chronic medical condition

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  • Question: what vaccine is apporived for patients 65 years or older

  • Answer: fluzone high dose, and Fluad( contains MF59 additive for stronger immuine respone) both trivalent vaccines

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  • Question: which flu vaccine is administered to the immunocomprimised?

  • Answer: IIV3/4

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  • Question: what are the only vaccines not created in egg-based solutiuons and are safe for people who have an egg allergy?

  • Answer: RIV, ccIIV

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  • Question: patients who have history of egg allergy and get hives after comingin contact with it shold ecieve what vaccine if at all?

  • Answer: they should recieve any form of IIV or RIV

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  • Question: adverse reactions for inactivated flu vaccine?

  • Answer: - adverse reaction at injection site

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  • Question: how should flu vaccine be stored?

  • Answer: infridge 36-46 degress F (2-8 degrees C)- never frozen

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  • Question: hoiw are most IIV’s administered?

  • Answer: by intramuscular injection

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  • Question: what is the onlly IIV approved for children undxer 36 months of age?

  • Answer: fluzone

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  • Question: fluzone intradermal

  • Answer: approved for adults 18-64 years

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  • Question: if patient is being treated w antiviral for flu

  • Answer: …LAIV shouldnt be admisnitered until 48 hours after cessation of antiviral therapy

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  • Question: pnemonococcal diseasee

  • Answer: casued by streptococcus pneumoniae, gram (+) coccobacillus bacteria

  • - human oathogen that colonized the nasopharynx

  • - ariborne resp droplets

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  • Question: whatre some infections caused by S. pneumoniae

  • Answer: pneumonia, bactermia, meningitits, siunsitis, and ottis media

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  • Question: pneumonococcal pneumonia

  • Answer: can be primary infection or secondary complication of influenza!!

  • - incubatio period of 1-3 days

  • syptoms- fever, shaking, productive cough, pleurtic chest pain

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  • Question: bacteremic pneumococcal pneumoniae

  • Answer: serious infection of bloodstream caused by S. pneuomnia

  • - serious infection that can cause septic shock

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  • Question: S. pneumoniae can cause pneumococcal meningittis

  • Answer: inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, 1/4 people who have this also have pneumonia

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  • Question: whatre the 2 vacines available for preventing diseases caused by S. pnemoniae?

  • Answer: - PCV13- 13- valent vaccines (13 strains of S. pneumoniae)

  • - pure polysacchardie vaccine PPSV23(23- valent vaccine)

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  • Question: PCV13 apportioned for who?

  • Answer: approved for children 6 weeks- 5 years

  • - also for children 6 - 17 years old

  • - this is a conjugated vaccine meaning that polysaccharides are linked to a protein , conjugated is necessary because children under 2 years old cant consistently maintain the effective immune response to pure polysaccharide vaccines

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  • Question: vaccination with PPSV23

  • Answer: will develo antibodies 2-3 weeks after vaccinaqtion , shown to reduce risk of invasive disease , hasnt shown to reduce causes of penumococcal pne. but it reduces complications of disease if youre vaccinated

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  • Question: PCV13 is recommended for who?

  • Answer: - use in all children aged 2 months - 59 months as a 4 dose series: 1 PCV13 at 2 , 4 , 6, and 12-15 months old

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  • Question: PPSV23 is recommened for who?

  • Answer: children with certain high risk condtions

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  • Question: children 7 months or older who have not previously recieved PCV13 :

  • Answer: do not receive full series of 4 doses

  • - unvaccinated children 7-11 months should receive 2 doses at least 4 weeks apart , followed by boster dose at age 12-15 months

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  • Question: unvaccinated children aged 12-23 months (PCV13)

  • Answer: should receive 2 doses of PCV13 atleast 8 weeks apart

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  • Question: high risk children 6-18 years old who have recieved 3 dose series of PCV13 should:

  • Answer: recieve supplemental PCV13 single dose up to age 18 years

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  • Question: PPSV23 (HIGH RISK) is recommened for:

  • Answer: children who have high risk conditions, should be adminstered at least 8 weeks after the last dose of PCV13 to children 2 years or older

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  • Question: PCV13 and PPSV23 should be adminsiterred how long apart?

  • Answer: 1 year apart

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  • Question: multiple doses of PPSV23 should be administered how long aparty?

  • Answer: 5 years

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  • Question: unvaccinated health children 24-59 months (PCV13)

  • Answer: should recieve single dose of PCV13

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  • Question: unvacccinated childnren 24-71 months w certain med conditions should:

  • Answer: receieve 2 doses of PCV13 seperated by 8 weeks

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  • Question: PCV13 and PPSV23 are recommened for adults with these conditions:

  • Answer: - those 65 years of age and older

  • - all adults should recieve only 1 dose of PCV13 and 1-3 doses of PPSv23 depending on age and med conditions

  • - PCV13 adminsitered first between PCV13 PPSV23

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  • Question: PPsv23 and PCV13 should be adminsterd a year apart EXCEPT:

  • What about after the age of 65?

  • Answer: -in immunocomprimised individuals, 8 weeks apart

  • - if immunocomprimised and older than 65, then 1 year apart

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