Question: 4/4 time
Answer: there are four beats in the measure and the quarter note gets the beat
==================================================
Question: A&R (artists and repertory)
Answer: person or department within a record label that looks for new talent, negotiates contracts, and coordinates recordings
==================================================
Question: A&R coordinator
Answer: artist and repertory coordinator; a person in the music industry who makes recommendations on the songs in a musician's repertoire with respect to sales potential
==================================================
Question: American Federation of Musicians Union
Answer: a labor union of professional musicians in the United States and Canada
==================================================
Question: arranger
Answer: the writer who creates the particular setting for a song; The arranger decides what instruments to use and how to use them to frame the music in the best way possible.
==================================================
Question: assistant professor
Answer: the entry-level college or university faculty position
==================================================
Question: associate professor
Answer: the college teaching rank above assistant professor and below full professor
==================================================
Question: assonance
Answer: the repetition of vowel sounds in a short phrase or passage
==================================================
Question: audio frequencies
Answer: the speed of vibration of an object that causes sound; humans can hear frequencies from 20Hz to 20kHz
==================================================
Question: backbeat
Answer: a term that is used to describe emphasis being placed on beats 2 and 4; usually applies to rock, reggae, funk, and R&B music
==================================================
Question: bajo sexton
Answer: a form of 12-string guitar used by Mexican musicians as an accompanying instrument
==================================================
Question: beatboxing
Answer: the process of creating percussion and drum sounds using the mouth
==================================================
Question: Belleville Three
Answer: Kevin Saunderson, Derrick May, and Juan Atkins
==================================================
Question: Black Panther Party
Answer: a progressive political party led by Huey P. Newton that focused on political and social reform for African Americans
==================================================
Question: bpm
Answer: beats per minute; a unit of measure describing the tempo of a piece of music
==================================================
Question: break beat
Answer: drums sampled from sections of songs with no other instruments
==================================================
Question: break beat DJing
Answer: a technique in DJing that extends the break section of a song
==================================================
Question: break-dancer
Answer: the young African American street dancers who contributed to the hip-hop movement with their innovative dance, also known as b-boys and b-girls
==================================================
Question: business manager
Answer: person who deals with the financial aspects of the music business for artists and bands; may require a degree in business administration
==================================================
Question: cabasa
Answer: a percussion instrument made of a wide cylinder with loops of steel ball-bearing chain wrapped around it
==================================================
Question: call and response
Answer: a style of music where a soloist sings or plays a melody and then a larger group or other soloist sings or plays an identical or similar pattern back, in a musical question-and-answer format
==================================================
Question: charango
Answer: a type of mandolin invented in Bolivia by musicians imitating Spanish lutes and guitars
==================================================
Question: choir director
Answer: a teacher with specialized knowledge and skills in the area of vocal music
==================================================
Question: clave rhythm
Answer: a pattern that organizes Afro-Cuban music; Essentially all Afro-Cuban music is based on the clave rhythm. Clave means "key" in Spanish.
==================================================
Question: clock theory
Answer: technique to find the break of a recorded song quickly by marking the vinyl record with tape or a crayon
==================================================
Question: college music teacher
Answer: a person who writes music; often refers to someone who writes notated art music, but can include songwriters and writers of electronic music as well
==================================================
Question: composer
Answer: promotes, organizes, advertises, and finances performances
==================================================
Question: concert promoter
Answer: a person who contacts, schedules, and signs contracts with the needed musicians for recording sessions
==================================================
Question: contractor
Answer: setting up two copies of the same record on two turntables; While one turntable is playing a certain part of the song, the DJ can switch to the other turntable to play the same part again.
==================================================
Question: cutting
Answer: a style of poetry that contains ten lines
==================================================
Question: decima
Answer: recording that showcases the ability of a group or artist for the purpose of promotion, not for sale; usually of good, but not professional record, quality
==================================================
Question: demo
Answer: disc jockey; the person who chooses, presents, and comments on the music that's heard at an event or on the radio
==================================================
Question: DJ
Answer: spinning duplicate copies of the same record on two turntables, with one playing slightly ahead of the other in time
==================================================
Question: double-backing
Answer: typically the first beat of a measure in music; can also refer to a strong or accented beat
==================================================
Question: downbeat
Answer: an instrumental substyle of reggae
==================================================
Question: dub
Answer: lawyer who specializes in laws related to the entertainment industry; specialties include contract law and copyright law
==================================================
Question: entertainment attorney
Answer: a person who directs the performance of an orchestra
==================================================
Question: film conductor
Answer: break dancing, beatboxing, graffiti, DJing, and MCing
==================================================
Question: five elements of hip-hop
Answer: concert tours that began in the early 1980s in which several rap artists perform
==================================================
Question: Fresh Fests
Answer: top college teaching rank, requiring a doctorate degree
==================================================
Question: full professor
Answer: a subgenre of hip-hop, also known as hardcore hip-hop, that focuses its lyrics on African American inner-city problems and the violent lifestyles of street thugs and gangsters
==================================================
Question: gangsta rap
Answer: an unauthorized decoration drawn on the surface of an object or sidewalk, viewable by the public; often referred to as graf
==================================================
Question: graffiti
Answer: award in the shape of a gramophone (instrument originally used to play vinyl records) given to musicians by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences for outstanding achievement in the recording industry
==================================================
Question: GRAMMY Award
Answer: a percussion instrument made from a hollow gourd; It has one open end and parallel slits cut in the gourd on one side. A wooden stick is rubbed along the slits to produce the unique clicking sound.
==================================================
Question: guiro
Answer: an electronic organ designed and built by Laurens Hammond; the organ of choice for jazz, blues, gospel, rock, and reggae music
==================================================
Question: Hammond organ
Answer: the chorus of a song or the most memorable part of a song that contains a very catchy melody
==================================================
Question: hook
Answer: a form of electronic music that combines various genres of music, including disco, punk rock, synthesized pop, and new wave music
==================================================
Question: house music
Answer: to create music spontaneously, without reading music or planning every note in advance
==================================================
Question: improvise
Answer: person who contacts radio stations and promotes represented artists to be played on the air to program directors, music directors, and disc jockeys
==================================================
Question: independent radio promoter
Answer: faculty members who may or may not be full-time and usually not on a path to become tenured or permanent faculty members
==================================================
Question: instructor
Answer: the background instrumental or vocal music used in TV and radio commercials
==================================================
Question: jingle
Answer: short-term positions requiring specialized knowledge or experience
==================================================
Question: lecturer
Answer: a style of music derived from reggae by slowing down the reggae beat
==================================================
Question: lover´s rock
Answer: person who writes words for songs
==================================================
Question: lyricist
Answer: percussion instruments usually played in pairs; Maracas are made from a dried calabash, gourd, or coconut shell filled with seeds or dried beans.
==================================================
Question: maracas
Answer: master of ceremonies, sometimes spelled emcee; the person who acts as a host at parties, ceremonies, and events
==================================================
Question: MC
Answer: an electronic device that sends one sound source to headphones and another sound source to speakers; includes a cross fader for smoothing the transition between them
==================================================
Question: mixer
Answer: Music Therapist, Board-Certified
==================================================
Question: MT-BC
Answer: creates the individual musical parts for each musician
==================================================
Question: music copyist
Answer: person responsible for mixing the music with the film soundtrack and synchronizing the music with the film
==================================================
Question: music editor
Answer: company that collects, edits, duplicates, and distributes printed music; The publisher is also responsible for paying composers and arrangers for their writing.
==================================================
Question: music publisher
Answer: person who works with creative people to find and license music for particular projects, including film and television
==================================================
Question: music supervisor
Answer: the practice of using music to achieve nonmusical therapeutic goals
==================================================
Question: music therapy
Answer: a musical style where the emphasis is entirely on the third beat of the bar while the first beat of the bar is completely empty; The bass often leaves this beat empty.
==================================================
Question: one drop
Answer: the most popular form of samba in Brazil
==================================================
Question: pagode
Answer: a hand-held percussion instrument like a tambourine, commonly used in Brazilian music
==================================================
Question: pandeiro
Answer: a flutelike instrument that consists of 10 or more straight pipes of gradually increasing length, often used as the lead instrument in Andean music
==================================================
Question: panpipes
Answer: church school or a private religious school run by a church or parish
==================================================
Question: parochial school
Answer: a continuous glide from one tone or note to another
==================================================
Question: portamento
Answer: person who makes sure that artists get exposure to sell more records
==================================================
Question: publicist
Answer: a contract between a songwriter and a publisher stating the songwriter's obligation to provide a certain number of songs per year and the publisher's obligation to pay the songwriter a specific amount of money in return
==================================================
Question: publishing deal
Answer: the smallest of the common conga drums; The rare requinto is smaller.
==================================================
Question: quinto
Answer: a subgenre of dancehall music or reggae in which the instrumentation primarily consists of electronic music; Sampling often serves a prominent role in raggamuffin music.
==================================================
Question: ragamuffin
Answer: a religious movement, which recognizes Haile Selassie I, former emperor of Ethiopia, as part of the Holy Trinity; The name Rastafari comes from Ras (Duke or Chief) Tafari Makonnen, Haile Selassie's name before he became emperor in 1930.
==================================================
Question: Rastafari
Answer: person or agency responsible for coordinating the work of musicians and engineers to produce a finished product ready for sale
==================================================
Question: record producer
Answer: slang term for rhythm section
==================================================
Question: riddim
Answer: the sound made by hitting the rim and the head of a snare drum at the same time with the same stick
==================================================
Question: rim shot
Answer: style that is nearly the same as the one-drop style, which emphasizes beat three; The rockers style also has an accented downbeat on beat one, in contrast to one drop, and is played on the bass drum.
==================================================
Question: rockers
Answer: a hardware device or computer program that records and plays back audio, especially for the purpose of collecting music samples
==================================================
Question: sampler
Answer: borrowing a portion of one recording and reusing it in a new recording
==================================================
Question: sampling
Answer: a person who oversees the music education program for a school district
==================================================
Question: school music supervisor
Answer: moving a turntable forward and backward by hand while a vinyl record is playing, creating a scratching sound
==================================================
Question: scratching
Answer: the second largest of three common conga drums in Latin American music
==================================================
Question: segundo
Answer: a person who uses music sequencing software and notation software to create MIDI keyboard/synthesizer tracks to be used in a film score
==================================================
Question: sequence programmer
Answer: musician who is hired on an as-needed basis to perform on a studio recording as part of an orchestra or band but is usually not part of the featured group
==================================================
Question: session musician
Answer: a percussion instrument made of a container partly filled with small, loose objects such as beads, which creates percussive sounds when the instrument is shaken
==================================================
Question: shaker
Answer: when looking at written music that requires a shuffle feel, this long eighth plus short eighth feel is implied with no visible change
==================================================
Question: shuffle feel
Answer: the bass drum that plays four quarter-note beats to the bar (also known as four on the floor); This beat is also used in house and dance music because it gives a driving force to the music.
==================================================
Question: steppers
Answer: a Brazilian type of bass drum worn around the waist
==================================================
Question: surdo
Answer: accenting notes on weak or unexpected beats
==================================================
Question: syncopation
Answer: the autograph of a graffiti artist, containing letters, numbers, designs, or all three
==================================================
Question: tag
Answer: a form of electronic dance music
==================================================
Question: techno music
Answer: a pair of single-headed metal shell drums played with sticks that produce a bright, crisp sound
==================================================
Question: timbales
Answer: the act of chanting or speaking over a beat or a rhythm
==================================================
Question: toasting
Answer: in music, the first and last scale degree in any scale; In tonal music, this note sounds like a resting point.
==================================================
Question: tonic
Answer: a person who listens to recorded music and writes out the parts that each of the players on the recording are playing
==================================================
Question: transcriber
Answer: the largest of the three commonly encountered conga drums in Latin American music
==================================================
Question: tumba
Answer: Spanish word for conga drum
==================================================
Question: tumbadora
Answer: a chord that functions to send the harmony back to the tonic or I chord
==================================================
Question: turn-around
Answer: mechanical device with a rotating platter used to spin a vinyl record under a needle or stylus
==================================================
Question: turntable
Answer: typically, any weak beat in a measure of music
==================================================
Question: upbeat
Answer: an electronic device that converts analog speech waveforms into digital signals, which can then be processed to add delay and reverb, or to add or remove treble and bass frequencies
==================================================