Question: What are the 5 levels of ecological organization

Answer: 1) invisual/ species
2)population
3)community
4)ecosystems
5) biosphere

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Question: What is the study of living and nonliving components of a system

Answer: Ecosystem ecology

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Question: Describe how a species is commonly defined. Explain why the common definition for species may be problematic for some organisms, such as bacteria

Answer: Species are commonly defined as problematic organisms like bacteria because they do not reproduce sexually. They are defined based on genetic similarity

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Question: What is community ecology, give examples

Answer: It's the study of interactions among species. For example, a Bee pollinating a flower

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Question: Is a fallen, rotting trees considered an abiotic or biotic factor

Answer: Biotic because it was once living even though it is now dead

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Question: Compare and contrast an ecosystem and a habitat

Answer: They both have living and nonliving factors living within them. But the difference is, is that habitats defend their boundaries by particular organisms whose habitat it is

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Question: Explain the importance of resources and suitable have attached to an organism

Answer: They need resources to live and suitable habitat to live. Their survival depends on ability of suitable habitat and resources

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Question: Name to Pacific elements of the golden toad cloud forest habitat

Answer: The forest soil and the plant life

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Question: Explain why organization is important to the study of ecology

Answer: Because they use the levels of ecological organization to study organisms and to see how they react

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Question: why are dead or decaying organisms still considered important parts of an ecosystem

Answer: They are taken in and used as essential materials for living organisms

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Question: What makes of an organisms habitat

Answer: The specific environment, including biotic and abiotic elements, around an organism makes up its habitat

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Question: What is the difference between abiotic factors and biotic factors

Answer: Biotic or living animals and organisms that can be dead but was once living. Abiotic factors or nonliving elements such as rocks sunlight or air

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Question: When the population size increases remain steady what is it a sign of

Answer: Healthy population

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Question: Explain why the passenger pigeon which was one of the most abundant bird in North America disappear completely

Answer: Because humans destroy their habitat and we hunted them which drove the species to extension within a few decades

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Question: Describe how you could determine the population size of a specific type of plant in a large forest without counting all the plants

Answer: They could use the sampling method. Count all of the plants in a small area and estimate how many plants are in the total population

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Question: What does populations density describe

Answer: How crowded the population is

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Question: Which piece of information is used along with population size to calculate population density

Answer: Area

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Question: How can hide population density be helpful to a population

Answer: It will be easier to group together and easier to find mates

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Question: How can high population density be harmful to a population

Answer: It could be harmful because more people would be fighting over resources and not as much room

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Question: Random distribution

Answer: Arranged in space with no pattern

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Question: Uniform distribution

Answer: Evenly spaced throughout areas

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Question: Clumped distribution

Answer: Individuals are arranged around sources of resources

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Question: Which type of population distribution is found most often in nature

Answer: Clumped distribution

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Question: Describe how to use an age structure diagram to determine how many males and females are in a population

Answer: You can look at the graph and see if there are more males or females. Also you can see how many are in what age category

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Question: What will happen to a population made up mostly of individuals that are past reproductive age

Answer: The population will decrease because there are no reproductives and not a lot of young people

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Question: What can you predict about a population with an age structure diagram that is shaped like a pyramid

Answer: That they have a healthy population and it will be increasing because there are a lot of young people and a small amount of old

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Question: Which way of describing a population would be more Informative in terms of availability resources population size of population density

Answer: Population density better indicate the quality of room and resources available, since it indicates how many organisms are living in a specific area

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Question: Describe how you might use population distribution to find sources of food or other resources used by a species

Answer: Population is often distribute themselves according to location of resources. And random or uniform distribution. Resources may be widely available. If a population is distributed in clumps these clubs will likely indicate the location of available resources

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Question: Explain the significance of age structure diagram in which the bars are short along one side and long on the opposite side

Answer: This indicates that the population consists mostly of either males or females. It may also indicate that the population will not be a successful and reproductive

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Question: Explain how a population would be affected when the birth rate is never get me higher than the death rate and there are no changes due to immigration or emmigration

Answer: It's a rapid increase in population

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Question: Describe how immigration and immigration affect the size of a population

Answer: I'm people emmigrate they leave so the population decreases. But when people immigrate they come so the population increases

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Question: Explain how migration causes population size to change cyclically over time

Answer: The rivals will cause an increase of population and then leaving will decrease population

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Question: Describe the shape of a graph curve indicating exponential growth and a graph indicating logistic growth

Answer: Exponential growth will be J shaped and logistic growth will be s shaped

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Question: Explain how the availability of resources and the environment is linked to exponential growth of a species

Answer: If there isn't enough resources exponential growth will increase

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Question: Describe how you can re-organize where the caring capacity for a population occurs on a logistic growth curve

Answer: When there is a dotted stable line

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Question: Compare and contrast exponential growth and logistic growth

Answer: Logistic growth is dealing with limiting factors. They both are dealing with population growth though

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Question: Explain how the current capacity for a population can change over time

Answer: If there aren't that many resources and the capacity will decrease but in years it can increase if more resources are there to support the population size

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Question: Out of these for options- climate change, disease, flood, predation- which are density - dependent

Answer: Disease and predation

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Question: Explain why a forest fire is considered to be a density/independent limiting factor

Answer: Because it is a catastrophic event that isn't affected by population density

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Question: Give two examples of organisms that differ greatly in there biotic potential

Answer: One example is an elephant and the office it would be a fish

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Question: List two factors that increase the growth rate of a population and two factors that decrease the growth rate of a population

Answer: 1) immigration, birthrate high
2) emigration, death rate high

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Question: Describe the effects that limiting factors and biotic potential have on a populations growth

Answer: Limiting factor slope population growth and determine the maximum amount of growth possible and a population. Biotic potential determines the maximum ability to produce offspring under ideal conditions

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Question: What place would only include biotic factors

Answer: Population

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Question: What is the equation that summarizes population growth

Answer: ( immigration+ Birth)-(emmigration+death)

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Question: How do scientist calculate population density

Answer: They divide the amount of organisms by the amount of land

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Question: What is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment

Answer: Ecology

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Question: What is a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Answer: Species

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Question: What is members of a species that live in the same area at the same time

Answer: Population

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Question: What is all of the populations in a particular area

Answer: Community

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Question: What is an area of land that includes all of the living things and their physical environment within a particular area

Answer: Ecosystem

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Question: What is land that includes all parts of earth that host life, with all of that organism and environments

Answer: Biosphere

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Question: What are parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living

Answer: Biotic factor

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Question: What are parts of an ecosystem that have never been living

Answer: Abiotic factors

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Question: What are the specific environment in which an organism lives in

Answer: Habitat

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Question: Anything an organism needs including nutrition, shelter, breeding side, and mates

Answer: Recourses

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Question: What is describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time

Answer: Population size

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Question: What describes the number of individuals within a population per-unit area

Answer: Population density

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Question: What describes how organisms are arranged within an area

Answer: Population distribution

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Question: What describes the relate of numbers of organisms of each age within a population

Answer: Age structure

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Question: What are visual tools that scientists used to show the age structure of populations

Answer: Age structure

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Question: What is its proportion of males to females

Answer: Sex ratio

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Question: Showing how the likelihood of death varies with age, population ecologists use these graphs

Answer: Survivorship curves

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Question: What is the arrival of individuals from an outside given area

Answer: Immigration

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Question: What is the departure of individuals from a given area

Answer: Emigration

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Question: What is a seasonal movement into and out of an area

Answer: Migration

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Question: What is population growth rate formula

Answer: (Birthdate+immigration)-(death rate+emmigration)

Growth rate⬆️X100%

That number⬆️X100% = population growth rate

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Question: When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year

Answer: Exponential growth

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Question: What are characteristics of the environment that limit population growth

Answer: Limiting factors

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Question: What is the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support

Answer: Caring capacity

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Question: What describes how a populations initial exponential increase its load and finally stopped by limiting factors

Answer: Logistic growth

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Question: What is influenced changes with population density

Answer: Density dependent factor

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Question: Limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density

Answer: Density independent factors

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Question: What is the maximum ability to produce offspring and ideal conditions

Answer: Biotic potential

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