Question: What are the three parts to a typical virus?

Answer: Genome (DNA or RNA), receptors, capsid

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Question: How big is a Rhinovirus?

Answer: 20 nanometers

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Question: The common cold is caused by a _______.

Answer: Virus

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Question: What is the first component of Modern Cell theory?

Answer: The cell is the smallest living unit in all organisms

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Question: What is the second component of Modern Cell theory?

Answer: All living things are made of cells

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Question: What is the third component of Modern Cell theory?

Answer: All cells come from pre-existing cells

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Question: Viruses are not considered living since they lack many ________.

Answer: Characteristics of life

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Question: A virus that attacks bacteria is called a _____________.

Answer: Bacteriaphage

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Question: One thing that all viruses have in common is that they contain genetic material called _______________.

Answer: DNA or RNA

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Question: A protein coat that protects the DNA/RNA is a __________.

Answer: Capsid

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Question: In order for viruses to replicate the need a _________.

Answer: Host

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Question: In the lytic cycle, what does the bacteriophage attach to on the host cell membrane?

Answer: Receptor

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Question: After the virus attaches to the host cell membrane what is injected into the host cell?

Answer: Viral DNA/RNA

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Question: What is another way a virus can enter a cell?

Answer: Tricks the cell into thinking its a food particle

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Question: The viral DNA/RNA contains instructions for the cell to do what?

Answer: Make copies of the virus

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Question: What can happen to the cell membrane after making many copies of their virus?

Answer: Rupture

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Question: What do the viruses do once they leave the host cell?

Answer: Infect other cells

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Question: What happens to the host's bacteria's DNA after the bacteriophage injects its DNA/RNA into the cell?

Answer: It combines with the bacterium DNA

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Question: The bacteria pass this "combined" DNA onto daughter cells. The bacteria continues to reproduce and finally enter the lytic cycle when this happens.

Answer: Trigger

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Question: Once the bacteria are "activated" they begin producing __________.

Answer: Copies of the virus

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Question: What two things can trigger bacteria to go to the lytic cycle?

Answer: Lack of food

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Question: When you catch a common cold, your bodie's immune system fights the infection by producing white blood cells called ________.

Answer: Leukocytes

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Question: The HIV virus binds to the CD4 receptor on what type type of cell?

Answer: Helper-T cells

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Question: Since the HIV virus attacks a person's immune system, it can make people vulnerable to other ___________.

Answer: Infections

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Question: A virus that's targets pest insects could be an alternative to ____________.

Answer: Chemical pesticides

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Question: What are the first signs that you have a cold?

Answer: Sore throat and runny nose

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Question: How many days does it take to recover from a typical cold?

Answer: 7-10 days

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Question: What are three things you can do to reduce your chances of getting a cold?

Answer: Wash your hand often, avoid close contact with sick people, don't touch your face with unwashed hands

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Question: If you have a cold, what are the six things that you can do to protect others from getting a cold?

Answer: Stay at home, disinfect frequently touched surfaces, cough and sneeze into a tissue, move away from others when coughing, avoid close contact with others

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Question: If you have a cold, what should you do to feel better?

Answer: You should get lots of rest and drink plenty of fluids

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Question: Should you take antibiotics if you have a cold?

Answer: No

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Question: What are the three conditions when you should see a doctor?

Answer: If symptoms last over ten days, severe or unusual symptoms, and if your child is younger than 3 months and has fever or is lethargic

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Question: The flu is caused by what virus?

Answer: Influenza viruses

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Question: It is difficult to tell whether you have a cold or the flu. What is the only flu symptom that is not similar to cold symptoms?

Answer: Being oddly cold/fever

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Question: What are the symptoms for RSV?

Answer: Cold-like symptoms

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Question: RSV causes what two illnesses in young children?

Answer: Bronchitis and pneumonia

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Question: RSV causes what type of illness in older adults?

Answer: Respiratory illnesses

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Question: What are the symptoms of HIPVs?

Answer: Fever, runny nose, cough, sore throat, sneezing, wheezing, ear pain, irritability, decreased appetite

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Question: HIPVs can cause what two more severe illness?

Answer: Bronchitis and pneumonia

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Question: What are the symptoms of adenoviruses?

Answer: Cold like symptoms, fever, sore throat, bronchitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, and pink eye

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Question: Who can get an adenovirus infection?

Answer: Anyone

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Question: Corona viruses are a large family of viruses that can cause ___________ such as ___________. some can lead to more severe illnesses such as _________.

Answer: Respiratory illnesses; the common cold; SARS (Severe, acute, respiratory syndrome)

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Question: The new corona virus (COVID-19) first appeared in Wuhan China, where the virus was transmitted to humans through contact with a(n) ______________.

Answer: Infected animal

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Question: The COVID-19 virus is capable of spreading between people through ________.

Answer: Close contact

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Question: How much more contagious if the new string?

Answer: Scientists in the UK estimate that the new variant is 40-70% more infectious based on analysis of affected populations in Britain.

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Question: What makes the new strain more contagious?

Answer: "It's able to bind to the receptors on cells better, and therefore is transmitted better." (Dr. Anthony Fauci)

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Question: Is the new strain more lethal?

Answer: There is no evidence that B. 1. 1. 7 causes more severe illness or increased risk of death, according to the CDC.

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Question: Is the vaccine effective for the new variant?

Answer: Researchers believe current COVID-19 vaccines will likely protect again B. 1. 1. 7, but data is needed

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Question: Antibiotics are only effective against __________.

Answer: Bacterial infections

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