Question: Shots fired video : Why does Jim Sporleder in the Shots Fired video say to not expect police officers to help you get out of the building?

Answer: Because their first job is to stop the shooter and end the bloodshed.

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Question: You have watched the Shots Fired video. Which one of the following is the worst advice to follow when you're in an active shooter situation?

Answer: Use your cell phone to take pictures of the shooter

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Question: What is the exam make-up policy of this class?

Answer: No excuses are needed, and you simply take the exam under the watchful eye of a ProctorU proctor.

==================================================

Question: Industrial Revolution

Answer: technology energized by fossil fuels.
This extra energy lets people produce more food, but also produced pollution and resource exploitation

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Question: the green revolution

Answer: Concerns over producing food for the larger population led to increased agricultural efficiency

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Question: first order consumers

Answer: vegetarians, vegans, animals that consume producers

==================================================

Question: medical revolution

Answer: Before the early 1800s, human populations grew slowly and fluctuated.
Diseases (smallpox, diphtheria, measles, scarlet fever) hit infants and children hardest.
High reproductive rates were balanced with natural enemies (e.g., diseases), resulting in a low population growth rate

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Question: In the Shots Fired video, Jim Sporleder says your Survival Mindset is like a protective shield composed of ___, ___, and ___.

Answer: Awareness, preparation, and rehearsal

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Question: What is the ideal homework completion schedule for this class?

Answer: Complete HW's after each lecture

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Question: Why does Dr. Johnson tell her students not to print the syllabus?

Answer: Because the syllabus is always changing

==================================================

Question: What is the best description for the quiz policy of this class?

Answer: Complete quizzes Sunday before Midnight

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Question: You are in an active shooter situation, and you have watched the Shots Fired video. The police have arrived, and they approach as you're hiding behind a stack of file cabinets. Which one of the following is something you should NOT do?

Answer: Hide your hands so that they know you are not a threat

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Question: threatened species

Answer: when populations are declining rapidly

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Question: endangered species

Answer: populations are near the critical number (the minimum population base allowing the survival and recovery of a population)

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Question: Two of the speakers in the Shots Fired video explicitly say that if you hear a sound that you think is a gunshot, ___.

Answer: assume its a gunshot

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Question: You have heard gunshots outside of your classroom. What is the very first thing you do (within the first few seconds)?

Answer: Figure out the best course of action; decide if you're going to get out, hide out, or take out.

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Question: What is 4.32 10^9 + 2.16 10^8?

Answer: 4.54 * 10^9

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Question: During his 8-year career in a New Orleans Saints uniform, running back Pierre Thomas had an average of 4.6 rushing yards per carry, i.e., he ran an average of 4.6 yards towards the end zone every time he carried the football. How many average meters did Pierre Thomas run per carry? (1 inch EQUAL(S) 2.54 centimeters. 1 foot EQUAL(S) 12 inches. 1 yard EQUAL(S) 36 inches. 1 mile EQUAL(S) 1.61 km. 1 mile EQUAL(S) 5,280 ft. ).

Answer: 4.2 m

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Question: How many milliliters (mL) are in a 32-ounce drink with no ice? 1 ounce = 29.57 mL.

Answer: 946

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Question: You know that a barrel of oil contains 42 gallons, and 1 gallon contains 128 ounces, so how many milliliters (mL) are there in a barrel of oil? 1 ounce = 29.57 mL.

Answer: 158968

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Question: The world population is currently estimated to be ___ people.

Answer: 7.5 billion

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Question: This is not an example of a global trend

Answer: Increasing global biodiversity

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Question: Examples of global trends

Answer: -Increasing human population
-Global climate change
-decline of vital ecosystem services
-loss of biodiversity

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Question: The U.S. drought in the 1930's that caused major ecological damages in the midwest and was worsened by soil erosion and the lack of crop rotation was:

Answer: The Dust Bowl

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Question: Under what circumstances might it be hard to define a species?

Answer: Sometimes members of 2 different species can interbreed and actually produce fertile offspring, such as a liger.

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Question: Most organisms use water in _________ form

Answer: liquid

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Question: Are transitional regions between ecosystems

Answer: Ecotones

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Question: In the Appalachian Mountains, several species of salamander live in or near a stream. The largest species lives in the stream and along its edges, a smaller species lives on land within a meter or two of the stream, and a smaller species lives about 3-5 meters away from the stream. In this region, these three salamander species are using

Answer: Different niches within the same habitat

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Question: The greenhouse effect

Answer: carbon dioxide absorbs infrared (heat) energy radiated from Earth's surface, which warms the lower atmosphere

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Question: Causes of biodiversity losses

Answer: -Conversion of land
-Pollution
-Overuse
-Species are hunted, killed, and marketed illegally

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Question: biotic community (biota):

Answer: the grouping of populations in a natural area
Includes all vegetation, animals, and microscopic organisms

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Question: by the types of plants living within it

Answer: what best defines species within a biotic community?

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Question: The concept of sustainable development includes the needs of

Answer: future generations.

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Question: A form of a biome is largely predicted by its

Answer: temperature and rainfall.

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Question: Which of the following best illustrates sustainability?

Answer: increasing our reliance upon renewable sources of energy

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Question: Most organisms native to a desert community are

Answer: well adapted to the heat and dry environment

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Question: Uncertain about the best way to keep his new lizard alive, Jerome places a heat lamp at one end of the long lizard cage. Over several days, Jerome notices that the lizard tends to sit in a certain place when the lamp is on. The lizard's selection of a particular place to stay represents its

Answer: temperature optimum

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Question: A new store is constructed in place of a farm field, leading to increased runoff into streams, that leads to mudslides in the surrounding region. This construction resulted in the loss of ecosystem capital, because it

Answer: increased erosion in the region

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Question: Because of the modern environmental movement,

Answer: average life expectancy for humans is longer

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Question: Which of the following are products of photosynthesis?

Answer: oxygen and sugar

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Question: Which of the following would most likely cause the greatest harm to wild Giant Panda populations in China?

Answer: The introduction of beetles that eat bamboo

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Question: American beavers, Castor canadensis, are widespread in North America. Those American beavers living around lakes in northern Minnesota and which can potentially interbreed

Answer: represent one population of American beavers.

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Question: The air that we breathe in the troposphere consists of (1) ___, (2) ___, and (3

Answer: 78% nitrogen, (2) 21% oxygen, and (3) 0.035% carbon dioxide

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Question: Molecule

Answer: -two or more atoms of the same or different kinds
-Bonded in a specific way
-Properties depend on how atoms are bonded
Oxygen: O2
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Nitrogen: N2

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Question: Compound

Answer: two or more different kinds of atoms
Water: H2O (it is also a molecule)
Carbon Dioxide: CO2

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Question: Producers

Answer: -make high-potential-energy organic molecules from low-potential-energy raw materials
-(CO2, H2O, N, P)

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Question: Consumers

Answer: -organisms that live on the production of others
-Obtain energy from feeding on and breaking down organic matter made by producers

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Question: Respiration

Answer: -organic molecules are broken down inside each cell
-Produces energy for the cell to use
-The reverse of photosynthesis
-Oxygen is consumed
-Occurs in plants and animals

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Question: Thousands of cases of lung cancer occur in a two-year period in a city outside of Kentucky, at rates that are double that seen in other cities in the United States. Scientists working in that region assume that

Answer: there is something peculiar to the region causing these unusually high rates.

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Question: Generally speaking, what is the main difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer: Photosynthesis converts CO2 and H2O into O2 and glucose, whereas cellular respiration converts glucose and oxygen into CO2 and H2O.

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Question: R strategist

Answer: is an organism that produces large amounts of offspring and does not tend to them (e.g., does not feed or incubate them).

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Question: The population growth rate is:

Answer: (total in - total out)/(midyear population)
pop growth

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Question: World population growth over the past 500 years has most resembled the letter ___.

Answer: J

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Question: Environmental resistance

Answer: The combination of all the abiotic and biotic factors that may limit population increase

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Question: resilience

Answer: the ability of an ecosystem to return to normal functioning after a disturbance.pri
helps maintain ecosystem sustainability

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Question: On June 30, 2016, the population of Leeburg, Louisiana was 17,500 people. By the end of that year, 1467 babies had been born and 450 people had died. There was no immigration and no emigration that year. The birth rate for Frogmouth was (1) ___, the death rate was (2) ___, the population growth rate was (3) ___, and the population growth was (4) ___.

Answer: (1) 8.4%, (2) 2.6%, (3) 5.8%, (4) 1017

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Question: Jamesberg and Jamesville are 2 new cities that have developed near Baton Rouge. Both cities started with 127,000 people each. After one year, Jamesberg had a growth rate of 7.3%, and the growth rate was coincidentally the same after year 2 as well. Jamesville, on the other hand, had a ridiculously high growth rate of 11% after one year. Unfortunately, the growth rate proved to be too much, leading to water and air pollution problems and an infrastructure (streets, etc.) not prepared for such rapid growth. So, during year 2, Jamesville's growth rate dropped to only 0.4%. Therefore, after 2 years, Jamesberg added (1)___ people, and Jamesville added (2)____ people to their respective populations.

Answer: (1) 19,219, (2) 14534

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Question: Why is a J curve unlikely to happen in nature?

Answer: Because a population can't grow indefinitely

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Question: From 1950 to 2010, there was a constant and large increase in the numbers of humans on the planet, but during this same time period there was a decrease in the population growth rate. Remembering the formula for population growth rate, how can these 2 facts be reconciled (i.e., how can they both be true at the same time when they appear to contradict each other)?

Answer: here was an increase in the numerator, but there was also an increase in the denominator

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Question: A population of bullfrogs in a pond produces many thousands of eggs each spring that hatch out into tadpoles. However, only about 1% of the tadpoles survive to reproduce. This population of frogs is experiencing

Answer: Low levels of recruitment

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Question: Most of the world population growth in the near future will be in

Answer: Developing countries

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Question: Some beetles escape from a ship and fly to a small island covered with grass but with no trees or beetle predators. As the beetles feed, they destroy all the grasses. But with abundant food, the beetle population soars, doubling in size every month. After about a year the population crashes as thousands of beetles have destroyed almost all of the plants and there is little left to feed the large population. This scenario best illustrates

Answer: Exponential growth followed by a population crash

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Question: In general, fertility rates

Answer: decrease as per capita income increases.

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Question: Which one of the following does NOT fix nitrogen?

Answer: Cellular respiration

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Question: Natural modes of Nitrogen fixation are:

Answer: Lighting and bacterial fixation in soils

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Question: Which one of the following illustrates interspecific competition?

Answer: Caterpillars of 2 different species of moth are feeding on the same plant's leaves

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Question: Jess' cats, Sampson and Thompson, run to the kitchen when they smell food. Jess places the bowl of food on the floor. Sampson gets greedy and tries to push Thompson out of the way. The cats fight and the bowl of food tips over spoiling their meal leaving them both hungry. What type of Interaction is this?

Answer: Competition

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Question: I have an English Mastiff and a Standard Poodle who both think they are lap dogs, and they are always fighting for my attention. I usually have to compromise and let one sit on the left side of my lap and the other sit on the right side of my lap. The fighting between them is (1)___, and the compromise is (2)___.

Answer: c. (1) intra-species competition, (2) resource partitioning

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Question: The risk of introducing a natural enemy to control an invasive species is that

Answer: the natural enemy might also become a pest.

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Question: Some biologists have identified symbiotic relationships in which it appears that one organism gains from the relationship while the other organism is unaffected. After further research, however, the researchers find out that both members of the relationship actually benefit. The researchers therefore realize that what they at first thought was an example of

Answer: commensalism is really an example of mutualism

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Question: hich one of the following illustrates intraspecific competition?

Answer: male red-winged blackbirds defending nesting sites from other males

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Question: The relationship between the moose and wolf populations on Isle Royale reveals

Answer: top-down and bottom-up population regulation

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Question: A group of frogs in a rain forest represents a population if the frogs

Answer: live in the same region and can potentially reproduce with each other.

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Question: Invasive species are dangerous because

Answer: the native species have not evolved and adapted to these organisms.

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Question: A population would be expected to grow if:

Answer: Immigration increased and deaths and emigration decreased

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Question: Reduces interspecific competition and increases species diversity

Answer: Resource Partitioning:

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Question: A formula accounting for human factors contributing to environmental deterioration and resource depletion is I EQUAL(S) PxAxT. These letters stand for

Answer: Impact, population, affluence and consumption, technology of the society

==================================================

Question: What is the total fertility rate?

Answer: The average number of kids each woman in a geographic region has over her lifetime

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Question: Transgenic plants are generally different from traditional hybrid plants produced hundreds of years ago, because transgenic plants may

Answer: Have new traits not found in their ancestral species.

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Question: In the past 40 years, pesticide use has tripled yet pests still cause extensive damage to crops. Why has this increased use of pesticides not been more effective

Answer: The widespread use of pesticides has resulted in the evolution of pesticide resistant pests.

==================================================

Question: Food safety issues of transgenic crops include

Answer: the promotion of antibiotic resistance in pathogens

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Question: One ongoing concern about transgenic crops that produce pesticides is that this trait may

Answer: Kill other insects that are not pests

==================================================

Question: death rate

Answer: dead/midyear pop

==================================================

Question: sublimation

Answer: A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid

==================================================

Question: condensation

Answer: The change from a gas to a liquid

==================================================

Question: evaporation

Answer: The change from a liquid to a gas

==================================================

Question: solvent

Answer: A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

==================================================

Question: solute

Answer: A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

==================================================

Question: photosynthesis

Answer: Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight => Oxygen + Glucose

==================================================

Question: cellular respiration

Answer: Oxygen + Glucose => Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP (energy)

==================================================

Question: what are some biotic factors that might influence population growth rate?

Answer: viruses and bacterial outbreak

==================================================

Question: what are some abiotic factors that might influence population growth rates?

Answer: chemical contamination, oil spills, hurricanes

==================================================

Question: population

Answer: A group of members of the same species living in a specific area.
ex: -only grey wolves in Yellowstone
-black bears in all of Louisiana

==================================================

Question: species

Answer: The different kinds of living things in a community that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. ex: -all grey wolves in the world
-all humans in the world

==================================================

Question: ecosystem

Answer: An interactive complex of communities and the abiotic environment affecting them within an area

==================================================

Question: greenhouse effect

Answer: Carbon dioxide absorbs infrared (heat) energy radiated from Earth's surface, which warms the lower atmosphere

==================================================

Question: biodiversity

Answer: Variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes of which they are part
(having different organisms contributing to)

==================================================

Question: biotic

Answer: Living factors in an environment.

==================================================

Question: abiotic

Answer: Non-living factors in an environment.

==================================================

Question: ecotone

Answer: A transitional region between ecosystems that shares species and characteristics of both.

==================================================

Question: A certain level where organisms grow or survive best

Answer: optimal range

==================================================

Question: law of conservation

Answer: atoms do not change and are not created or destroyed

==================================================

Question: range of tolerance

Answer: The entire range allowing any growth

==================================================

Question: synergy

Answer: Factors that interact to cause a greater effect than expected

==================================================

Question: molecule

Answer: Two or more atoms of the same or different kinds

==================================================

Question: compound

Answer: Two or more different kinds of atoms

==================================================

Question: atom

Answer: The building blocks of all matter

==================================================

Question: organic

Answer: Composed of matter that is alive or was once alive. Contains carbon

==================================================

Question: Organisms that make high-potential-energy organic molecules from low-potential-energy raw materials

Answer: producers

==================================================

Question: consumers

Answer: Organisms that live on the production of others. They obtain energy by feeding on and breaking down organic matter made by producers

==================================================

Question: population growth

Answer: total in - total out

==================================================

Question: immigration

Answer: Migration to a new location

==================================================

Question: emigration

Answer: Migration from a location

==================================================

Question: birth rate

Answer: born/midyear pop

==================================================

Question: growth rate

Answer: The amount the population has changed divided by the time it had to change.

==================================================

Question: total fertility rate

Answer: The average number of kids each woman has over her lifetime in a geographic region
US TFR is 2.3

==================================================

Question: J curve

Answer: Curve showing continued growth explosion due to unlimited resources (exponential growth)

==================================================

Question: S curve

Answer: Curve showing logistic growth in which population growth levels off at the populations carrying capacity

==================================================

Question: carrying capacity

Answer: Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support

==================================================

Question: humans have increased their carrying capacity through _________, affecting I...

Answer: technology
Affects environmental impact by improving well being and minimizing degradation

==================================================

Question: biotic potential

Answer: The number of offspring produced under ideal situations
supports pop growth

==================================================

Question: environmental resistance

Answer: The biotic and abiotic factors that may limit a population's increase

==================================================

Question: recruitment

Answer: Survival through the early growth stages to become part of the breeding population (until they become adults)

==================================================

Question: K strategist

Answer: Organisms that care for the young they produce

==================================================

Question: top-down regulation

Answer: Control of a population by predation
ex: wolf eating bunnies - wolf on top of bunnies

==================================================

Question: bottom-up regulation

Answer: Control of a population that occurs as a result of scarcity of resource
ex: when there is a drought that kills vegetation which is a bunny's food

==================================================

Question: predation

Answer: Interaction among species where one organism is harmed and one is helped.
- +
Ex: Wolf eating rabbit

==================================================

Question: competition

Answer: Interaction among species where both species are harmed.
- -
Ex: two rabbits eating the same grass

==================================================

Question: inter-species competition

Answer: Competition between different species

==================================================

Question: intra-species competition

Answer: Competition between the same species

==================================================

Question: mutualism

Answer: An arrangement between two species where both benefit.
+ +
Ex: bees pollinating plants

==================================================

Question: commensalism

Answer: One species benefits while the other is unaffected.
+ 0
Ex: buffalo stir up insects for birds to eat

==================================================

Question: symbiosis

Answer: Two species live close to each other and can be beneficial or harmful

==================================================

Question: what are the 6 key elements that an organic compound contains?

Answer: "CHNOPS"
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

==================================================

Question: organic compound

Answer: a chemical compound making up tissues of living organisms

==================================================

Question: amensalism

Answer: a relationship in which one organism is harmed and the other is unaffected
- 0
ex: Black walnut trees produce a chemical that kills other plants

==================================================

Question: nuetralism

Answer: When neither organism is affected
0 0

==================================================

Question: predator

Answer: The organism that does the feeding on prey

==================================================

Question: prey

Answer: The organism that is fed upon by a predator

==================================================

Question: host

Answer: The organism that is fed upon by a parasite

==================================================

Question: parasite

Answer: An organism that attaches itself to another organism (the host), feeding on it over a period of time without immediately killing it, although it usually harms the host in some way

==================================================

Question: keystone species

Answer: Species that play a crucial role in maintaining an ecosystem's biotic structure by:
1.moderating other species that would take over 2.allowing other less-competitive species to flourish

==================================================

Question: pathogen

Answer: Bacteria and viruses that cause disease

==================================================

Question: niche

Answer: The status of an organism within its environmental community

==================================================

Question: resource partitioning

Answer: The division of a resource and specialization in different parts of it
-With more intense competition, resources are even further divided

==================================================

Question: invasive species

Answer: A species that outcompetes a native species for food, space, predation, and other resources.

==================================================

Question: vegetarianism

Answer: Consumption of a diet consisting predominantly of plant foods.

==================================================

Question: trophic level

Answer: Each step in a food chain or food web

==================================================

Question: developed country

Answer: high-income nations

==================================================

Question: developing country

Answer: middle and low-income nations

==================================================

Question: income

Answer: The amount of money a country makes

==================================================

Question: environmental impact

Answer: Equals population X affluence and consumption X technology. (I = PAT)

==================================================

Question: affluence

Answer: wealth of a country

==================================================

Question: stewardship

Answer: Way to moderate environmental impact by responsibly caring for it as humans.

==================================================

Question: primary succession

Answer: The process of initial invasion and progression from one biotic community to another in an area lacking plants and soil.
Starts with soil
Ex: moss on bare rock

==================================================

Question: secondary succession

Answer: An area cleared by some disturbance and reinvaded by plants and animals from surrounding areas.
Starts with preexisting soil.
Ex: plants growing after a fire

==================================================

Question: how does phosphorus cycle through the environment?

Answer: mostly through rocks and things that are hard to dissolve
As rock breaks down, phosphate is released
Broken down in cell respiration or by decomposers

==================================================

Question: Atmospheric CO2 dissolves in moisture in atmosphere and in ocean to form _____________

Answer: carbonic acid

==================================================

Question: primary productivity

Answer: the rate at which energy is converted by photosynthetic users to form organic substances

==================================================

Question: the processes to "fix"(to convert into a usuable gas) nitrogen are:

Answer: 1.Atmospheric nitrogen fixation: lightning
2.Industrial fixation: in fertilizer manufacturing
3.Combustion of fossil fuels: oxidizes nitrogen
and 4.bacteria

==================================================

Question: disturbance

Answer: A significant change that kills or displaces many community members

==================================================

Question: fire climax ecosystems

Answer: ecosystems that depend on fire to maintain their existence (e.g., grasslands, pine forests)

==================================================

Question: fertilizer

Answer: Any substance such as manure or a mixture of nitrates used to make soil more fertile.

==================================================

Question: nutrient cycling

Answer: Cycle of nutrients in the environment being replenished through the breakdown of organic compounds.

==================================================

Question: carbon cycle

Answer: The organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again

==================================================

Question: nitrogen cycle

Answer: The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere

==================================================

Question: ocean acidification

Answer: Decreasing pH of ocean waters due to absorption of excess atmospheric CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels.

==================================================

Question: hydrogen bonding

Answer: a weak attraction that joins hydrogen atoms to an oxygen atom

==================================================

Question: pH scale

Answer: Measures the amount of charged hydrogen particles. Runs from 0 (acid) to 14 (base)

==================================================

Question: reactive nitrogen

Answer: Other forms of nitrogen that can be used by organisms

==================================================

Question: non-reactive nitrogen

Answer: Type of nitrogen that cannot be used by most organisms

==================================================

Question: nitrogen fixation

Answer: Process that makes atmospheric nitrogen usable

==================================================

Question: Process of atmospheric nitrogen fixation

Answer: lightning

==================================================

Question: Part of legumes where nitrogen fixation occurs

Answer: root nodules

==================================================

Question: conservation

Answer: Managing or regulating resource use so it does not exceed the capacity of the species or system to renew itself.

==================================================

Question: preservation

Answer: Ensuring species and ecosystem continuity regardless of their potential utility.

==================================================

Question: restoration

Answer: Repairing damaged lands and waters of ecosystems.

==================================================

Question: renewable resource

Answer: Ecosystems and biota with the ability to regenerate

==================================================

Question: consumptive use

Answer: People harvesting natural resources for food, shelter, clothing, tools, fuel, etc.

==================================================

Question: productive use

Answer: The exploitation of ecosystem resources for economic gain. Products are harvested and sold

==================================================

Question: maximum sustainable yield (MSY)

Answer: The maximum amount of a renewable resource that can be taken year after year without depleting the resource.

==================================================

Question: Florida Everglades

Answer: Large area of wetland in Florida that has been reduced to half its size through development and wetlands draining

==================================================

Question: overfishing

Answer: Catching fish at a faster rate than they can reproduce.

==================================================

Question: aquaculture

Answer: Raising aquatic organisms for food in a controlled environment. It is growing in developing countries.

==================================================

Question: climax ecosystem

Answer: all organisms are in balance with each other and with existing abiotic factors

==================================================

Question: aquatic succession

Answer: when soil takes over water

==================================================

Question: One of the world's most diverse ecosystems that occupy shallow coastal waters.

Answer: coral reef

==================================================

Question: zooxanthellae

Answer: Photosynthetic algae that live in a symbiotic relationship with coral animals

==================================================

Question: coral bleaching

Answer: A phenomenon in which zooxanthellae algae inside corals die, causing the corals to turn white.

==================================================

Question: highly acidic

Answer: 0-2 on the pH scale

==================================================

Question: moderately acidic

Answer: 2-4 on the pH scale

==================================================

Question: slightly acidic

Answer: 4-6.5 on the pH scale

==================================================

Question: the young seedling oak tree you just planted will absorb 10 pounds of carbon dioxide (CO2) this year using photosynthesis. Your annual carbon footprint (the CO2 you put into the air) is 14,900lbs of CO2. How many of these seedlings would you have to plant this year to reduce your carbon footprint by 10%?

Answer: 14,900 x .10 = 1,490 x .10 = 149

==================================================

Question: 1 inch=

Answer: 2.54 cm

==================================================

Question: 2.2 lb

Answer: 1 kg=

==================================================

Question: 2 kg is how many pounds?

Answer: 4.4lbs

==================================================

Question: 4 in is how many cm?

Answer: 10.16 cm

==================================================

Question: how many km are in 0.5 miles?

Answer: .806 km

==================================================

Question: 65000000.

Answer: 6.5 x 10^7 =

==================================================

Question: combine:
(9x10^3) - (5x10^3)

Answer: 4 x 10^3

==================================================

Question: combine:
(3.6x10^5) + (2.7x10^4)

Answer: 3.87 x 10^5

==================================================

Question: combine:
(4x10^4) x (2x10^3)

Answer: 8 x 10^7

==================================================

Question: desposition

Answer: gas to solid (skipping liquid stage)

==================================================

Question: population growth, dec ecosystem services, global climate change, and loss of biodiversity

Answer: what are some major environmental problems the earth faces today?

==================================================

Question: accumulation of greenhouse gases
(carbon dioxide is a major one)

Answer: global climate change is caused by?

==================================================

Question: the kyoto protocol

Answer: controlling global warming by setting greenhouse gas emissions targets for developed countries.
The US withdrew in 2001

==================================================

Question: causes of biodiversity loss

Answer: conversion of land, pollution, overuse, species are hunted killed and marketed illegally

==================================================

Question: enviromentalist

Answer: A person who actively tries to protect the enviroment

==================================================

Question: Enviromentalism

Answer: a social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world

==================================================

Question: Scientific Method

Answer: 1. natural phenomena
2. observations
3. questions
4.research hypothesis
5. experiment
6. find data to support hypothesis
7. peer review and publish

==================================================

Question: experimentation

Answer: sets up situation to make systematic observations regarding causes and affects

==================================================

Question: ecology

Answer: the study of processes influencing:
1. the distribution and abundance of organisms
2. interactions b/w living things and the enviroment

==================================================

Question: species
genis

Answer: the word sapiens in homosapien is the ?
the word homo in homosapien is the?

==================================================

Question: instrumental value

Answer: a species' or organism's existence or use benefits some other entity
ex: Food, shelter, source of income

==================================================

Question: are found only in one habitat
They are especially at risk

Answer: endemic species

==================================================

Question: ecological succession

Answer: transition from one biotic community to another

==================================================

Question: pioneer species

Answer: colonize a newly opened area first

==================================================

Question: kingdom, order, phyla, classes, families

Answer: what are species grouped in?

==================================================

Question: _________________ are also experiencing the highest rate of deforestation

Answer: tropical forest

==================================================

Question: reasons for the decline in biodiversity:

Answer: "Hippo"
Habitat destruction
Invasive species
Pollution
Population
Overexploitation

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Question: The greatest source of biodiversity loss (36%)

Answer: habitat change

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Question: Conversion, fragmentation, simplification, intrusion (C.F.S.I.)

Answer: factors that make up habitat change:

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Question: habitat change: fragmentation

Answer: the area of plants in between human made structures

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Question: habitat change: simplification

Answer: -humans simplify habitats
-Removing logs and trees changes forest microhabitats

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Question: habitat change: intrusion

Answer: human structures

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Question: exotic (alien) species

Answer: -one that is introduced into an area from somewhere else
-Most don't survive or don't become pests

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Question: HIPPO: invasive species

Answer: thrives, spreads, and can eliminate native species by predation or competition

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Question: HIPPO: polution

Answer: -It destroys or alters habitats
-Oil spills kill seabirds and sea mammals
-Pesticides (DDT) travel up the food chain and become more concentrated in higher consumers

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Question: HIPPO: population

Answer: Human populations put pressure on species
More people = less biodiversity

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Question: HIPPO: Overexploitation

Answer: -overharvest of a particular species
-Removing individuals faster than they can reproduce

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Question: keystone species

Answer: -species whose role is vital to survival of other species
-Predators control herbivores

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Question: ____________________ are less likely to be harmed by humans and they are likely to become pest species

Answer: e-strategists

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Question: endangered species

Answer: in imminent danger of becoming extinct if it is not protected
Includes genetically distinct subpopulations (subspecies)

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