skin (covering)

ANSWER : integument

the subcutaneous tissue just deep to the skin made up of mostly adipose tissue

ANSWER :hypodermis

What is the function of the hypodermis?

ANSWER : stores fat, anchors the skin, and acts as a shock absorber

the outer layer of the skin made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

ANSWER : epidermis

epidermal cell that produces keratin

ANSWER : keratinocyte

the fibrous protein that makes skin waterproof and keeps it strong, also found in hair and nails

ANSWER : keratin

“horn”

ANSWER : Greek meaning of “kera”

epidermal cell that produces the brown piment melanin

ANSWER : melanocyte

epidermal cell that acts as a macrophage to activate our immune system to destroy foreign 

substances

ANSWER : Langerhans’ cell

deepest epidermal layer made of a single row of cells that undergo rapid cell division

ANSWER : stratum basale

epidermal cell functions as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings

ANSWER : Merkel cell

What are the three regions of the skin?

ANSWER : epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

List the 5 layers of the epidermis in order from the superficial to deepest layer.

ANSWER : stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Which layer of the epidermis is found only in thick skin?

ANSWER : stratum lucidum

Which layer of the epidermis consists of a single row of cells where rapid cell division occurs?

ANSWER : stratum basale

Which layer of the epidermis is made up of a weblike system of intermediate filaments with 

flattened keratinocytes that appear “spiny”

ANSWER :stratum spinosum

Which layer of the epidermis consists of three to five cell layers with keratinocytes that 

accumulate granules that form keratin and lipids that provide waterproofing

ANSWER : stratum granulosum

What are the two layers of the dermis?

ANSWER : papillary and reticular

What are the peglike projections on the superior surface of the dermis that indent the 

overlying epidermis?

ANSWER :dermal papillae

cell deep in the dermis that is capable of detecting pressure

ANSWER : Pacini corpuscle

sensitive touch receptors in the dermis

ANSWER : Meissner’s corpuscles

silvery white scars caused by extreme stretching of the dermis during pregnancy

ANSWER :stretch marks

the separation of the epidermal and dermal layers by a fluid-filled pocket

ANSWER : blister

pigment that ranges in color from yellow to reddish-brown to black that is produced when the 

skin is exposed to sunlight

ANSWER : melanin

yellow to orange pigment that is most obvious in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

ANSWER :carotene

pink-red pigment

ANSWER :hemoglobin

A condition that occurs when hemoglobin is poorly oxygenated causing the skin to appear 

Blue

ANSWER : cyanosis

term that means “sweat”

ANSWER : sudoriferous

produces true sweat; abundant on the palms of hand, soles of the feet, and forehead

ANSWER : eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland

produce true sweat plus fatty substances and proteins; found in the axillary (armpit) and 

anogenital areas of the body

ANSWER : apocrine sweat glands

modified apocrine glands found in the lining of the external ear canal; produce sticky, bitter 

substance called cerumen (earwax)

ANSWER : ceruminous glands

specialized sweat glands that secrete milk

ANSWER :mammary glands

oil glands

ANSWER : sebaceous glands

oil

ANSWER :sebum

What stimulates sebum production?

ANSWER : hormones

an active inflammation of the sebaceous glands accompanied by pimples on the skin

ANSWER : acne

hair

ANSWER :pili

What is the function of hair?

ANSWER : Hair on skin senses insects before they sting or bite; Hair on scalp protects from physical trauma, heat 

loss, sunburn; eyelashes shield eyes; nose hairs filter particles in the air

What are the chief regions of the hair?

ANSWER : shaft and root

The portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin

ANSWER :hair shaft

is the part of, the part of the hair contained within the follicle, below the surface of the skin

ANSWER : hair root

What are the two types of hair?

ANSWER :vellus and terminal

fine hair found on children and adult female

ANSWER : vellus hair

coarse, long hair found on the head, eyebrows, axillary and genital areas: growth stimulated 

by male sex hormones

ANSWER : terminal hair

hair thinning and balding

ANSWER : alopecia

male pattern baldness genetically determined

ANSWER : true or frank baldness

scalelike modification of the epidermis that forms a clear protective covering on the dorsal 

surface of a finger or toe

ANSWER : nail

What are the functions of the skin?

ANSWER :Regulates body temperature; Produces Vitamin D; Protection from chemical and physical injury: Blood 

reservoir; Excretion of nitrogenous wastes

What are the three types of skin cancer?

ANSWER :basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma

the least malignant and most common type of skin cancer

ANSWER : basal cell carcinoma

the most dangerous skin cancer

ANSWER : melanoma

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color, Diameter, (Elevation)

ANSWER :ABCD(E) rule

tissue damage inflicted by intense heat, electricity, radiation, or certain chemicals, which 

denature proteins and cause cell death

ANSWER :burn

involves only epithelium; redness, heat (i.e. sunburn)

ANSWER : first degree burn

destroys the epidermis and part of the dermis; characterized by pain, blisters, swelling, and 

discoloration.

ANSWER : second degree burn

destroys epidermis and dermis, appear leathery and dark, no pain, insensitivity to pain due to 

nerve damage; fluid loss & increased risk of infection due to damage of protective barrier

ANSWER : third degree burn

method used to calculate the amount of fluid lost as the result of a burn; divides the body into 

11 areas, each accounting for 9% of the total body area

ANSWER :rule of nines

1. A major function of skin is protection from:

• Abrasion

• UV light

• Entry of microorganisms

• All of the above(CORRECT ANSWER)

2. What are functions of skin?

• Protect Bones

• Protect Muscles

• Protect Organs

• All of the above(CORRECT ANSWER)

3. The waterproofing protein that fills the cells in the upper layers of the epidermis.

• Keratin(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Melatonin

• Melanin

• Actin

4. Which is NOT a function of the skin?

• Insulation

• Movement(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Excretion

• Vitamin D Production

5. Melanocytes are located in the ___________.

• Subcutaneous

• Hypodermis

• Dermis

• Epidermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

6. The type of cell that produces melanin, which protects us against harmful UV rays.

• Keratinocytes

• Melanocytes(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Eccrinocytes

• Melatonin

7. This gland releases an oil known as sebum.

• Sebacious gland(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Apocrine Gland

• Eccrine Gland

• All of the above

8. What is the top layer of the skin called?

• Dermis

• Hypodermis

• Epidermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Subcutaneous

9. true or false freckles and moles are seen where melanin is concentrated in one spot

• true(CORRECT ANSWER)

• false

10. true or false

ridges of the finger along with sweat pores leave a unique identifying film of sweat called a fingerprint

• true(CORRECT ANSWER)

• false

11. Nails are made out of what?

• All of the Above

• Terminal

• Vellus

• Keratin (CORRECT ANSWER)

12. What is the largest organ in the human body?

• Skin(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hair

• Nails

• All of the Above

13. Where is the thinnest skin located?

• Ears

• Eyelids(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Elbow

• Nose

14. What is another name for the hypodermis?

• epidermis

• subcutaneous layer(CORRECT ANSWER)

• stratum basale

15. The most important function of skin is:

• Protection(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Storing fat

• Sweating

• Insulation

16. Where is the thickest skin found on the body?

• Soles of the feet(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Palms of the hands

• Scalp

• Elbows

17. The top layer of the epidermis is made of:

• flat, dead cells(CORRECT ANSWER)

• melanin

• collagen

• healthy, living cells

18. In which of these layers are melanocytes found?

• Dermis

• Hypodermis

• Stratum basale

• Epidermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

19. Which layer of the skin contains lots of adipose tissue and blood vessels?

• Dermis

• Epidermis

• Keratin

• Hypodermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

20. Melanin:

• Helps protect skin from UV radiation

• Is found in almost every human being

• Is responsible for skin color

• All of the above(CORRECT ANSWER)

21. Which of these conditions increase the amount of melanin in the skin?

• Exposure to UV light

• Having ancestors from near the equator

• Both answers are correct(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Neither answer is correct

22. Which of these events occur as a result of a decrease in body temperature?

• sweat is produced

• your nails turn red

• contraction of arrector pili muscles(CORRECT ANSWER)

• all of these

23. A bacterial infection of the integumentary system:

• Athlete’s foot

• Herpes

• Boils(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Ringworm

24. Which glands of the skin secrete an oily substance which helps keep your skin smooth and soft?

• Apocrine sweat glands

• merocrine sweat glands

• sebaceous glands(CORRECT ANSWER)

• none of the choices

25. Arrector pili muscles:

• are a part of your skeletal system

• assist in the production of sebum

• contract in response to frightening situations or cold weather(CORRECT ANSWER)

• cause sweat glands to contract

26.  Which of the following is NOT part of the integumentary system?

• Skin

• Cartilage(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Nails

• Hair

27. Which type of burn is characterized by the epidermis and dermis being destroyed, leaving scar tissue behind?

• 1st degree burn

• 2nd-degree burn(CORRECT ANSWER)

• 3rd degree burn

• none of the choices

28. A viral infection of the integumentary system:

• Athlete’s Foot

• Boils

• Ringworm

• Herpes(CORRECT ANSWER)

29. Some medications can be absorbed directly through the skin by using patches

• True(CORRECT ANSWER)

• False

30. A medical term for baldness:

• Keratin

• Dermatitis

• Baldy Syndrome

• Alopecia(CORRECT ANSWER)

31. Caused by a complete lack of melanin:

• Dermatitis

• Alopecia

• Albinism(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Melanitis

32. When your body temperature rises, these secrete water to the surface where heat is removed by evaporation.

• Sweat pore

• Sweat gland and duct(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hair shaft

• Hair follicle

33. This provides your skin with strength and elasticity (as you age you lose this and skin may become looser)

• Keratin

• Dermis

• Collagen(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Melanin

34. This is produced at the Sebaceous gland and helps lubricate your skin; keeping it soft and pliable.

• Keratin

• Sebum(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Collagen

• Melanin

35. Inflammation of the skin:

• Dermatitis(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Keratin

• Alopecia

• Albinism

36. The three main types of skin cancer are:

• Basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma(CORRECT ANSWER)

• benign and malignant

• UV cancer, malignant and benign

37. The deadliest type of skin cancer that comes from melanin-producing cells becoming cancerous:

• basal cell carcinoma

• squamous cell carcinoma

• malignant melanoma(CORRECT ANSWER)

• benign cancer

38. Which type of skin cancer is the most common?

• Basal cell carcinoma(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Squamous cell carcinoma

• Malignant melanoma

• none of the choices

39. What are the causes of skin cancer?

• UV radiation from the sun

• UV radiation from tanning beds

• Genetics

• All the choices(CORRECT ANSWER)

40.  Some of the dangers associated with severe burns include:

• tissue damage and cell death

• dehydration

• shock

• All of the choices (CORRECT ANSWER)

41. When assessing melanoma, the ABCD rule is often used.  The acronym stands for:

• Asymmetry, Border Irregularity, Color, Diameter(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Asymmetry, Brightness, Clues, Diameter

• Asymmetry, Brilliance, Circumference, Diameter

• none of the choices

42. Which layer of skin is “A” referring to?

• Epidermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Dermis

• Hypodermis

• Melanin

43. To what layer of skin is letter “B” pointing?

• Epidermis

• Dermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hypodermis

• Melanin

44. To what layer of skin is letter “C” pointing?

• Epidermis

• Dermis

• Hypodermis(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Melanin

45. To what structure is #1 pointing?

• Hair follicle

• Hair shaft(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hair root

• Epidermis

46. To what structure is #3 pointing?

• Sweat gland and duct(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Sweat pore

• Arrector pili muscle

• Sebaceous oil gland

47.  To what structure is #4 pointing?

• Sweat gland and duct

• Sweat pore

• Arrector pili muscle

• Sebaceous oil gland(CORRECT ANSWER)

48. Another name for the hypodermis layer of the skin:

• Epidermis

• Dermis

• Subcutaneous(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Sebaceous

49. The structure that holds the root of the hair firmly in place.

• Hair follicle(CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hair shaft

• Hypodermis

• Sweat pore

50. The epidermis receives nutrients from blood vessels located in the:

• Epidermis

• Hypodermis (CORRECT ANSWER)

• Hair follicle

• Hair shaft