Question: How did Alexander Hamilton want to pay off the nation's debts?

Answer: By placing tariffs on imported goods.

Question: Which was a result of US debt in 1790?

Answer: US citizens lost confidence in their government.

Question: Which best describes why trade was difficult during Washington's first term as president?

Answer: There were multiple currencies.

Question: Hamilton believed that a national bank was constitutional based on

Answer: Implied powers and a loose interpretation of the Constitution.

Question: What made trade difficult for the United States in 1790?

Answer: States were printing their own money.

Question: Why did Jefferson oppose the establishment of a national bank?

Answer: He thought it was unconstitutional.

Question: Which statement was true of the US economy in 1790?

Answer: The US had trouble borrowing money to pay its debts.

Question: As members of Alexander Hamilton's political party, Federalists believed in

Answer: A strong federal government.

Question: Alexander Hamilton wanted the national bank to be able to

Answer: loan money to the federal government.

Question: In order to gather experts to advise him on federal policy, President George Washington created

Answer: A cabinet.

Question: President Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion by

Answer: Leading troops to Pennsylvania.

Question: As a result of the Whiskey Rebellion,

Answer: Jefferson divided the political parties.

Question: An American leader who opposed the French Revolution was

Answer: George Washington.

Question: Which was a belief of the early Democratic-Republican Party?

Answer: The United States should not have a national bank.

Question: Which best states George Washington's position toward the conflict between Great Britain and Napoleon's France?

Answer: He supported the British, although he was officially neutral.

Question: The Jay Treaty expressed the political beliefs of

Answer: George Washington and the Federalists.

Question: Which best states Thomas Jefferson's position toward the conflict between Great Britain and Napoleon's France?

Answer: He supported the French, believing that they were fighting for democracy.

Question: Which leaders and groups disagreed about the French Revolution?

Answer: George Washington and the Democratic-Republicans.

Question: What made it difficult for early US leaders to maintain neutrality during conflicts between France and Great Britain?

Answer: Each nation was pressuring the US to halt trade with the other.

Question: Which leader and group supported the signing of a trade treaty between Great Britain and the US?

Answer: Washington and the Federalists.

Question: Why were many news editors and printers convicted under the Sedition Act?

Answer: They criticized the government's actions.

Question: Why did US and French diplomats fail to smooth relations between the two countries in 1796?

Answer: French diplomats demanded large bribes and loans.

Question: How did the Alien and Sedition Acts affect the election of 1800?

Answer: John Adams lost support because the acts were unpopular.

Question: The law that made it a crime to criticize the government was the

Answer: Sedition Act.

Question: The winner of the presidential election in 1800 was

Answer: Thomas Jefferson.

Question: A long-term effect of the election of 1800 was

Answer: The decline of the Federalist Party.

Question: During the 1790s, France believed that the United States was losing its neutrality because of the

Answer: Jay Treaty.

Question: The legal idea of nullification, as argued by the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, relates to

Answer: State power versus federal power.

Question: The Naturalization Act affected the political process by

Answer: Increasing the time it took immigrants to gain the right to vote.

Question: During the 1790s, France wanted US support for its war with Great Britain because.

Answer: France helped during the American Revolution.

Question: Why did President Thomas Jefferson want control of New Orleans?

Answer: To control trade along the Mississippi River.

Question: For settlers in the Northwest Territory during the late 1700s, an important geographical feature was the

Answer: Great Lakes.

Question: Which phrase best describes Sacagawea?

Answer: A Shoshone woman who acted as an interpreter for Lewis and Clark.

Question: A main reason President Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark west in the early 1800s was to

Answer: Find a water route to the Pacific.

Question: According to the Northwest Ordinance, a territory became a state when it

Answer: Had 60,000 adult males.

Question: In 1803, the United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from

Answer: France.

Question: During the Lewis and Clark expedition,

Answer: Sacagawea and her child helped smooth relations with American Indians.

Question: How did the Northwest Ordinance increase sectionalism in the United States?

Answer: It made slavery illegal.

Question: Which best describes why the United States wanted the Louisiana Territory?

Answer: To gain control of commerce on the Mississippi River.

Question: Why did France want sell the Louisiana Territory?

Answer: To fund its European wars.

Question: A result of the Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) decision was that states

Answer: Could regulate commerce only within their borders.

Question: The Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), the Supreme Court ruled that in business disputes

Answer: Federal law always supersedes state law.

Question: According to Gibbons v. Ogden, a state

Answer: Could make laws regulating businesses that operated only in one state.

Question: The case of United States v. Stevens in 2010 is an example of the Supreme Court's power of

Answer: Judicial review.

Question: In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled that state law

Answer: Could not override federal law.

Question: The implied powers of Congress

Answer: Are suggested but not stated in the Constitution.

Question: An example of commerce that would be regulated by the federal government is

Answer: A ferry that takes passengers from New York to New Jersey.

Question: The power to establish a national bank is

Answer: An implied power of Congress.

Question: In Gibbons v. Ogden, the Supreme Court ruled that

Answer: Gibbons's federal license allowed him to operate in multiple states.

Question: The Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer: Gave the Supreme Court the power to hear special cases.

Question: two months after the United States entered the War of 1812, the USS Constitution

Answer: Sank the British HMS Guerriere.

Question: What was Tecumseh's main goal in working with the British?

Answer: To protect American Indian lands from white settlement.

Question: What role did Tecumseh play in the War of 1812?

Answer: He created an alliance with the British against Americans.

Question: The Royal Navy's use of impressment involved

Answer: Making American sailors serve in Britain's Royal Navy.

Question: What problem did Americans face at home as the War of 1812 developed on the seas?

Answer: Strained relations with American Indians.

Question: A reason the US and Great Britain ended the War of 1812 was because

Answer: Neither side was clearly winning.

Question: As a result of British-led raids along the Chesapeake Bay during the War of 1812, the British

Answer: Burned down the White House.

Question: During the Napoleonic Wars, Britain and France each tried to

Answer: Get US support.

Question: The passage of the Embargo Act

Answer: Stopped all international trade to and from American ports.

Question: After the War of 1812, the United States was seen as a greater military power because

Answer: There was no clear winner.

Question: By the 1820s, almost all of Latin America was

Answer: Made up of independent republics.

Question: How did Great Britain respond to the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer: By using its navy to control the oceans.

Question: Which contributed to Americans' sense of nationalism following the War of 1812?

Answer: The US defeat of pirates in the Mediterranean.

Question: How did Theodore Roosevelt use the Monroe Doctrine in the twentieth century?

Answer: To justify US involvement in Latin America.

Question: A long-term result of the Monroe Doctrine was that the United States

Answer: Became involved in Latin American affairs.

Question: Why were European monarchs offended by the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer: They had no intentions of recolonizing the Americas.

Question: Which best explains the message the Monroe Doctrine sent to other nations?

Answer: That the United States was powerful enough to stop new colonization in the Americas.

Question: How did the United States acquire West Florida from Spain in 1812?

Answer: By seizing Mobile.

Question: A reason the US was able to acquire all of Florida in the Adams-Onis Treaty was that it agreed to give up claims on

Answer: Texas.

Question: Which European nation supported the Monroe Doctrine?

Answer: Great Britain.

Question: Who commissioned the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804?

Answer: Thomas Jefferson.

Question: The Whiskey Rebellion began when

Answer: Pennsylvania farmers threatened and attacked officials.

Question: The legal theory under which states were able to reject federal laws deemed unconstitutional was known as

Answer: nullification.

Question: Why did James Monroe and Robert Livingston act quickly to buy the Louisiana territory?

Answer: They were afraid that Napoleon might change his mind and revoke the agreement.

Question: The Supreme Court's ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland, that federal law is superior to state law, directly influenced which case?

Answer: Gibbons v. Ogden.

Question: During the presidency of John Adams, both France and Brtain

Answer: Seized US ships.

Question: How did George Washington approach the foreign threats posed by Great Britain and France?

Answer: He tried to remain neutral.

Question: When people began to settle west of the Appalachians in the late 1700s, they were mainly looking for

Answer: Fertile farmland.

Question: People who opposed Alexander Hamilton's plans to improve the economy

Answer: Did not want a strong federal government.

Question: The Maryland state law involved in the Supreme Court case of McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer: Taxed a federal bank.

Question: Judicial review is best defined as

Answer: A process used to determine whether a law is constitutional.

Question: Which best shows that the United States was confident in its economy in 1816?

Answer: Congress chartered a second national bank in Philadelphia.

Question: As a result of the US Navy's defeat of the British in the Battle of Lake Erie, the British

Answer: Retreated from Detroit.

Question: Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans

Answer: Believed the French the Revolution was similar to the American Revolution.

Question: An effect of the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was that

Answer: Conflict increased between settlers and American Indians