Question: bridging inference

Answer: connection between two sentences. Made at encoding

Question: casual inference

Answer: An inductive inference that proceeds from knowledge of a cause to a claim about an effect, or from knowledge of an effect to a claim about a cause when reading. Made at retreival

Question: elaboration inference

Answer: adding extra information to one's representation of the text

Question: Constructivist view

Answer: actively seek apportunities to make inferences and to combine our knowledge with the information , The view that people construct their own knowledge and understanding of the world by using what they already know and understand to interpret new experiences.

Question: Minimalist view

Answer: view that inferences are automatic, memory driven process engaged only under minimal number of circumstances

Question: gist information

Answer: basic or main points of a piece of discourse. better at recalling

Question: verbatim information

Answer: Remembering word for word vs. remembering just the idea.,.

Question: script

Answer: A cluster of knowledge about sequences of events and actions expected to occur in particular settings.

Question: schema

Answer: a conceptual framework that organizes information and allows a person to make sense of the world, an internal representation of the world. Think of Oceons 11

Question: construction integration model

Answer: As we read discouse, we construct a network of hiearchically related propositions, and integrate this network with our world knowledge, portrays how text is represented and integrated with readers knowledge.

Question: argument

Answer: focus of propositions example: boy trippedd, arguement is boy

Question: predicate

Answer: the information given about the argument boy ran (run)

Question: immediate memory

Answer: A form of memory for events happening in the present that is almost perfectly photographic, but lasts only seconds.

Question: Structure building framework

Answer: Gernsbacher. language comprehension is a process of building mental structures including laying a foundation, mapping info, and shifting to a new structure

Question: processes of building structure

Answer: laying the foundation, then mapping and then shifting is all a process, like MAKING a house

Question: metacomprehension

Answer: Thoughts about a person's own reading comprehension.

Question: psychologuistics

Answer: study of processes involved in using language

Question: linguistincs

Answer: the study of language in it's linguistic performance and linguistic competence

Question: language

Answer: by a set of symbols(words) and rules(grammar). Thus, our ability to learn is based on our understanding of how to combine these two concepts

Question: recursion

Answer: the ability of language to embed sentences and phrases

Question: production of phonemes

Answer: speech sounds is a productION of the vocal tracts and the movement of the structures within it.

Question: vowel phonemes

Answer: a contininuous airflow thru vical tract. the product of differences in the position of the tongue

Question: suprasegmental factors

Answer: aspects of the speech signal such as rate, stress, & intonation - over and above the actual phonemes.

Question: Categorical perception

Answer: we place all variants of a letters sound (/p/) into one category labeled that letter

Question: Phonemic restoration effect

Answer: Perceptual completion of familiar patterns: perceivers hear sounds that have been cut off from words as if they had actually been present. So in a sense the phonemic sounds are restored so we can actually hear them.

Question: Phonemes

Answer: the smallest distinct units of sound in a given language that differentiate one word from from another, for example p, b, d, and t in the English words pad, pat, bad, and bat.

Question: Morpheme

Answer: is the smallest unit of language that has meaning; it may refer to single word ( e.g., tree) or to a prefix or suffix that changes the precise meaning of the word ( e.g., trees). it morphs, minimal meaningful language unit

Question: Free morphemes

Answer: morphemes that can stand alone as root wordsex: walk or dog

Question: Overregularizations

Answer: at bout age 3 or so as a child begin to apply the rules of language, the child start making mistakes spreading a grammatical rule too far and treating a irregular form as regular ( e.g., goed instead of went).

Question: Phonotactic Knowledge

Answer: refers to sensitivity to the rules that govern phoneme (sound) combination in different language. For ex: phonemes /t/ and /zh/ are never combined in English. Like wise, the phoneme /h/ as in harp often start a word but never ends one., sensitivity to the rules that govern phoneme combinations in a given language

Question: Metrical segmentation

Answer: allows us to parse the continuous speech stream into decipherable parts by using stress patterns (why do we know the speech stream is continuous? listen to another language or look at a speech spectogram)

Question: Discerning word boundaries

Answer: Ex: in English a stressed syllable is much more likely to signal the beginning of a new word, and by 9 months, babies learning English use stress patterns as a clue to word boundaries ( as seen in Language Development 4th edition by Erika Hoff). Ex: eagle, candor, bacon So you have to discern where the word stresses are so you kno w the boundries.

Question: Mental Lexicon

Answer: a language user's knowledge of words

Question: Lexical Access --

Answer: the process of matching a perceptual description of a word on to a stored memory description of that word

Question: Lexical ambiguity

Answer: this happens when a word has two possible meanings ( e.g., bank).

Question: Fast Mapping

Answer: the process by which children associate a likely candidate meaning to a newly heard word on the basis of hearing the word once, or at most, a few times. In a way a child quickly maps out what the word means

Question: Broca's Aphasia

Answer: Loss of function associated with damage to a specific area of the left frontal lobe, demonstrated by impairment in producing understandable speech.