Question: What is a dyad? Example.

Answer: 2 people, dependent on both member participating, if one leaves the group dissolves, symmetry-> a relationship

Question: What is a triad? Example.

Answer: 3 or more, not dependent on anyone member, politics come into play, secrets can be maintained and opinions balanced-> marriage concealer

Question: Simmel argued that there are "politics" in a triad? What was he referring to?

Answer: Mediator-conflict between 2 members tertius gaudens the third that rejoicesDivide et impera (divid and conquer)- intentionally drives a wedge between 2 members

Question: Simmel sugested that groups larger that a dyad or triad include: small groups, parties, and large groups. Describe each

Answer: Small group- face-to-face(lacks formal argument) equalitiy among membersParties- the splitting of group into subgroupsLarge groups-formal structure that impacts or interactions based on status

Question: Charles Horton Cooley: Describe primary groups; describe secondary groups. Examples?

Answer: Primary- EX. family and friends, limited face-to-face, strong influenceSecondary- EX. sport teams, band members, this functions as long as you are a member

Question: What is an in-group; out-group; reference group?

Answer: in-group-considered the majority groupout-group-less powerful or stigmatized, minority groupreference group-help us understand or make sense of our position in society relative to other groups

Question: How are social networks formed? This discussion should include ties, both uniplex and multiplex; narratives.

Answer: ties- the link between 2 people, something that TIES you to the other personuniplex- straight forward, she is my...he is my....multiplex- complex and requires greater explanationsnarratives- used to summarize the "tie" that binds them t0gether

Question: What does it mean to be embedded?

Answer: refers to the degree to which the ties are not reinforced through indirect paths with in a social network-embedded=stronger

Question: What is the strength of weak ties?

Answer: rests with the idea that these ties are not reinforced with other indirect ties but "bring novel information"

Question: What is a structure hole? Example.

Answer: is a gap between two network dusters that is bridged by an individuals connection two both. EX real estate agents

Question: Describe a social entrepreneur?

Answer: a person that connects 2 groups(whether a dyad or triad)

Question: What is a social capital?

Answer: refers to someone who has many weak ties

Question: What did Putnam say about social capital?

Answer: "Bowling Alone" lack of resources and people need to forward social change-> no community involvement and developed strong social capital

Question: What is social deviance?

Answer: is characterized by the content with in the deviant act is committed and reflect a violation of social norms

Question: How is social deviance defined? Example

Answer: defined by changing overtime, throughout history, and is shaped by social class, race and gender. EX. interracial marriage

Question: What are informal acts of deviance?

Answer: behaviors are established socially, therefore agreed upon by members of society

Question: What are formal acts of deviance?

Answer: crime and the sanctions for such a violation of socially established norms, also coded into law

Question: What is social cohesion?

Answer: describes how people form social bonds and share common experiences on a daily basis

Question: Two ways society is held together: mechanical and organic solidarity. Describe both.

Answer: Mechanical- everyone is pretty much the same-very little if any specializationOrganic- based on interdependence, less and less in common, people feel more isolated, and difficult to form social bonds

Question: Deviance occurs when the "collective consciousness" is violated.

Answer: things would plummet into chaos common set of social norms that are used to guide behaviors

Question: What is Punitive justice, rehabilitative justice?

Answer: Punitive- is focused on making the violator suffer and making boundariesRehabilitative- examines and attempts to find ways to rehabilitate him or her

Question: What is social control?

Answer: is a set of practices and concepts that are used to encourage people to "comply" with the norms of society

Question: Formal social sanctions?

Answer: Crime/law

Question: Informal social sanctions?

Answer: is the foundation of formal social control, with out it policing becomes impossible

Question: Emile Durkeims "Normative Theory of Suicide" focused on "social integration" and "social regulation" to determine the likelihood of suicide.

Answer: integration- refers to the level when an individual feels connected to a groupregulation- refers to the rate at which one daily life is regulated by rules and regulations

Question: Merton's strain theory- can you define the basic ideas related to this theory?

Answer: it is the starting point for examining "strain" between socially accepted "means" and "ends."

Question: Who are agents of social control?

Answer: police officers, judges, teachers, employers, school officials, political leaders