Question: What is one Characteristic that describes Baroque art and music?

Answer: Baroque music included great Dramatic grandeur.

Question: The baroque era began and ended in what years?

Answer: 1600-1750

Question: When and where did Baroque music first appear?

Answer: Baroque music first appeared around 1600 in Italy.

Question: Which monarch came to epitomize the grandeur and glory of the Baroque era, building a palace so monumental that it was virtually a small independent city?

Answer: King Louis XIV of France

Question: What is the Idea that different musical moods could and should be used to influence the emotions of the listener known as?

Answer: The Doctrine of Affections

Question: Did Baroque composers make their music more dramatic by having a variety of moods within each movement?

Answer: Yes

Question: What is the single most important genre of music to emerge during th Baroque Era?

Answer: Opera

Question: What genres originated in the Baroque period?

Answer: Cantatas, Oratorios, sonatas, and suites

Question: What is the name given to the new kind of solo singing that emerged during the early Baroque period?

Answer: Monody

Question: What is the term for a small ensemble that provides a foundation for monody and requires at least two instrumentalists and occurs almost exclusively in the baroque period?

Answer: Basso continuo

Question: What was the most common Basso continuo group?

Answer: A low stringed instrument and the Harpsichord

Question: What is the numerical shorthand in music that tells the player which unwritten notes to fill in above the written bass note?

Answer: Figured bass

Question: What is the term that describes the sharp abrupt dynamic contrasts found in the music of the Baroque era?

Answer: Terraced dynamics

Question: What musical technique went hand in hand with clear contrasts between major and minor keys, as well as with abrupt changes in orchestration?

Answer: Terraced dynamics

Question: What aspects of musical style characterize baroque period music?

Answer: Stable, diatonic chords played by basso continuo support the melody. Top and Bottom lines are the strongest as basso continuo creates a powerful bass to support the melody above. Sudden shifts in dynamics (terraced dynamics) reflect the dramatic quality of music from the style period. Tonality reduced to major and minor keys.

Question: The original meaning of the term "Baroque" had a negative connotation, signifying distortion excess, and extravagance. (T/F)

Answer: TRUE

Question: What is the genre of composition that is a dramatic work in which the actors sing some or all of their parts and normally make use of elaborate stage sets and costumes?

Answer: Opera

Question: What is the dramatic text that composers set to music in an opera, oratorio, or cantata called?

Answer: Libretto

Question: Which Italian musician composed important operas and spenta significant portion of his career as the maestro di capella of St. Marks Basilica in Venice?

Answer: Monteverdi

Question: What is Musically Heightened speech that relates the action or dramatic narrative to the audience called? It often makes use of rapidly repeating notes that conclude with one or two long notes at the end of a phrase.

Answer: Recitative

Question: What differentiates "simple recitative" from other types of Recitative?

Answer: The accompaniment consists of a bass line and accompanying Chords.

Question: What type of vocal music is Characterized by clear meter, regular rhythms and long vocal melismas?

Answer: Aria

Question: What singing style expresses feeling or emotion rather than narrating the drama's action. All or part of the orchestra, including the basso continuo, accompanies the singer.

Answer: Aria

Question: Why is Orfeo significant in western music?

Answer: It was the first important Opera

Question: What is the singing style that lies midway between the virtuosic aria and the simple recitative?

Answer: Arioso

Question: Which genre emphasized accompianied solo singing, was usually divided into contrasting sections between recitative and aria, and preformed before a select group of listeners in a private residence?

Answer: The chamber cantata

Question: What composer has been called the greatest of all English composers? A title to which only the pop songwriters John Lennon and Paul Mcartney can plausibly challenge?

Answer: Henry Purcell

Question: What term is synonymous with ground bass?

Answer: Basso ostinato

Question: Which instrument dominated the sound of the Baroque orchesta and generally led to the rising popularity of instrumental music?

Answer: Violin

Question: What is the manner of composing for instruments that exploit the strengths, special abilities, and color of a particular instrument or voice while avoiding its weaknesses known as?

Answer: Idiomatic writing

Question: Did Baroque orchestras usually include the entire woodwind family?

Answer: Yes

Question: What forms the core of sound in western classical orchestra?

Answer: Strings

Question: What was the size of a typical orchestra during the Baroque era?

Answer: 20

Question: What monarch exerted a powerful influence on the style of the baroque era?

Answer: Louis XIV

Question: Which musician is credited for inventing the genre of the French overture?

Answer: Jean-Baptiste Lully

Question: Which genre of composition consists of two sections; the first is in a slow duple meter with stately dotted rhythms, while the second is in a fast triple meter in an imitative style.

Answer: French overture

Question: In addition to the three-part canon in Pachelbel's Canon in D, what other musical technique contributes to its appeal?

Answer: Basso ostinato

Question: Which composer spent nearly their entire career in Rome? Their works made the Baroque solo and trio sonata internationally popular.

Answer: Corelli

Question: What is the most remarkable aspect of Corelli's music?

Answer: His use of Functional harmony

Question: What is meant by the term 'Functional harmony'?

Answer: A tightly linked succession of chords that purposefully moves the music from one important sound to the next?

Question: What is a multi-movement work for solo instrument, or instrument with keyboard accompaniment?

Answer: Sonata?

Question: What Genre of Baroque music had all the movements patterned after dance rhythms?

Answer: chamber sonata

Question: What is a composition with four dance movements in alternating tempos: slow, fast, slow, and fast.

Answer: Chamber sonata

Question: what is the term for a Baroque sonata that requires three instrumentalists?

Answer: Trio sonata

Question: Which type of Baroque composition requires four instrumentalists for performance

Answer: String quartet

Question: What is the most common form for the Baroque dances that appear in solo and trio sonatas

Answer: Binary

Question: What is a bass line that moves at a moderate pace, mostly in equal note values, and often stepwise up or down the scale?

Answer: walking bass

Question: The Concerto was to the Baroque era what the symphony would later become to the classical period: the most popular and important genre of orchestral music. (T/F)

Answer: TRUE

Question: what is the most distinctive figure of the concerto grosso

Answer: Abrupt contrasts within a unity of mood

Question: What is the subgroup in a concerto grosso consisting of the soloists called?

Answer: Concertino

Question: Which form did baroque composers typically use the first and third movement of a concerto grosso

Answer: Ritornello form

Question: With more than 450 Concertos ascribed to him, who is considered the most influential composer in the creation of the Baroque concerto?

Answer: Vivaldi

Question: This composer, who was born and raised in Venice, was also an ordained priest as well as a virtuoso violinist. During his career he was engaged to teach music for a girls orphanage, the Hospice of mercy and wrote any solo concertos for the all-female orchestra.

Answer: Vivaldi

Question: What is the term that describes the repetition of a musical motive at successively higher or lower degrees of the scale

Answer: Melodic sequence

Question: The most noteworthy compositions of Bach and Handel are large-scale works full of what?

Answer: Dramatic power, Broad gestures, complex counterpoint, technical mastery.

Question: What is the most recognizable characteristic of late Baroque music?

Answer: Contrapuntal melodies.

Question: Who learned to compose music by studying the works of Corelli, Vivaldi, Pachelbel, and Palestrina. He also learned to play the organ, in part by emulating others, and soon became the most renowned organ virtuoso in Germany.

Answer: Bach

Question: Which instrument is most suited for playing polyphonic counterpoint?

Answer: Organ

Question: which Baroque genre opens with a section called the exposition?

Answer: Fugue

Question: What is the theme in a fugue called?

Answer: subject

Question: What is a passage of free, non-imitative counterpoint found in a fugue called?

Answer: episode

Question: A note, usually in the bass, that is sustained (or repeated) for a period of time while harmonies change arouond it is called:

Answer: a pedal point

Question: what trait best describes the church cantata?

Answer: A multi-movement work of recititaves, arias, and choruses

Question: What is a spiritual melody or religious folksong of the Lutheran church known as?

Answer: Chorale

Question: This composer began his career with the primary goal of composing operas, was employed in the homes of the aristocracy, became financially successful during his life, and after his death became a national institution in his adopted country

Answer: Handel

Question: Which composition, comissioned as a public entertainment for the rich and powerful members of society, recieved such warm reception upon its premiere that the king requested to hear it three times in one night?

Answer: Water music

Question: did the audience typically dance during the performance of a dance suite?

Answer: No

Question: What is the standard musical form of Baroque period dance movements?

Answer: Binary

Question: Water music is an example of what genre?

Answer: Dance suite

Question: The librettos of what genre, usually derived from historical events or mythology, typically clorified aristocratic ideals. Much of the action, which occurs offstage is reported in the form of recitatives; the principle characters react to these events by means of arias that express stick emotions.

Answer: Opera seria

Question: This genre, intended for entertainment as well as spiritual edification, makes no use of acting, costumes or staging.

Answer: Oratorio

Question: Why did Handel find the oratorio a financialy viable alternative to composing operas?

Answer: Oratorios eliminated expensive soloist, sets and costumes, it exploited the english love of choral music, and appealed to the religious attitudes of Puritan and Methodist citizens.

Question: Where did Handel conduct the premiere performance of the messiah?

Answer: Dublin

Question: What trait describes the color of the late Baroque orchestra?

Answer: Violin, Harpsichord, and organ set the tone for the era.

Question: What trait does NOT apply to the late Baroque music?

Answer: Rythmic ostinatos are used to give feelings of stasis rather than movement

Question: Who are some of the representative composers of the late Baroque period?

Answer: Bach, Handel, Monteverdi, Vivaldi

Question: What genres are typical of the Late Baroque?

Answer: Church cantata, opera, oratorio, and Concerto grosso