Question: An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on:- airway, breathing, and circulation.- obtaining baseline vital signs.- providing immediate transport.- gathering medical history data.

Answer: An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on:- obtaining baseline vital signs.- providing immediate transport.- gathering medical history data.

Question: In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:- lips or oral mucosa.- dorsum of the hand.- forehead and face.- back of the neck.

Answer: In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:- dorsum of the hand.- forehead and face.- back of the neck.

Question: During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions:- immediately after completion of your primary assessment.- before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact.- after it has been determined that the patient is bleeding.- before you load the patient into the ambulance.

Answer: During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions:- immediately after completion of your primary assessment.- after it has been determined that the patient is bleeding.- before you load the patient into the ambulance.

Question: An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?-

Opens eyes spontaneously, is confused when spoken to, exhibits abnormal flexion- Eyes remain closed, makes incomprehensible sounds, exhibits abnormal extension- Opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain- Opens eyes in response to voice, makes incomprehensible sounds, localizes pain

Answer: An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?-

Opens eyes spontaneously, is confused when spoken to, exhibits abnormal flexion- Eyes remain closed, makes incomprehensible sounds, exhibits abnormal extension- Opens eyes in response to voice, makes incomprehensible sounds, localizes pain

Question: The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than:- 120 to 180 seconds.- 90 to 120 seconds.- 30 seconds.- 60 to 90 seconds.

Answer: The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than:- 120 to 180 seconds.- 90 to 120 seconds.- 30 seconds.

Question: The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the:- most serious thing the patient is concerned about.- most life-threatening condition that you discover.- gross physical signs that you detect on assessment.- condition that exacerbates an underlying problem.

Answer: The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the:- most life-threatening condition that you discover.- gross physical signs that you detect on assessment.- condition that exacerbates an underlying problem.

Question: Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?- A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis- A 49-year-old female with blurred vision and ringing in the ears- A 55-year-old male with a severe headache and 2 days of nausea- A 44-year-old male with abdominal pain and severe dizziness

Answer: Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?- A 49-year-old female with blurred vision and ringing in the ears- A 55-year-old male with a severe headache and 2 days of nausea- A 44-year-old male with abdominal pain and severe dizziness

Question: A palpable pulse is created by:- the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries.- electrical conduction in the heart producing ventricular contraction.- the pressure that is caused when venous blood returns to the heart.- pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction.

Answer: A palpable pulse is created by:- the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries.- electrical conduction in the heart producing ventricular contraction.- the pressure that is caused when venous blood returns to the heart.

Question: Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?- Inadequate perfusion- Acute anxiety- Poisoning- Drug overdose

Answer: Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?- Inadequate perfusion- Poisoning- Drug overdose

Question: Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?- The MOI may allow you to predict the severity of a patient's injuries.- A nonsignificant MOI rules out the possibility of serious trauma.- A significant MOI always results in patient death or permanent disability.- The exact location of a patient's injuries can be determined by the MOI.

Answer: Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?- A nonsignificant MOI rules out the possibility of serious trauma.- A significant MOI always results in patient death or permanent disability.- The exact location of a patient's injuries can be determined by the MOI.

Question: Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?- A secondary assessment should always be performed, even if you must continually manage life threats that were identified in the primary assessment.- During the secondary assessment, the EMT's primary focus should be on taking the patient's vital signs and obtaining a SAMPLE history.- The secondary assessment should be performed en route to the hospital, regardless of the severity of the patient's condition.- The secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint.

Answer: Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?- A secondary assessment should always be performed, even if you must continually manage life threats that were identified in the primary assessment.- During the secondary assessment, the EMT's primary focus should be on taking the patient's vital signs and obtaining a SAMPLE history.- The secondary assessment should be performed en route to the hospital, regardless of the severity of the patient's condition.

Question: You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she:- has an increased heart rate and retractions.- is restless and is working hard to breathe.- has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone.- is anxious, tachycardic, and leaning forward.

Answer: You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she:- has an increased heart rate and retractions.- is restless and is working hard to breathe.- is anxious, tachycardic, and leaning forward.

Question: When approaching a 32-year-old male who is complaining of traumatic neck pain, you should:- approach him from behind and ask him not to move.- stand behind him and immediately stabilize his head.- ensure that the patient can see you approaching him.- assess his mental status by having him move his head.

Answer: When approaching a 32-year-old male who is complaining of traumatic neck pain, you should:- approach him from behind and ask him not to move.- stand behind him and immediately stabilize his head.- assess his mental status by having him move his head.

Question: Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT:- the nature of any newly identified problems.- whether or not the patient is deteriorating.- the patient's response to your treatments.- the reason why the patient called EMS.

Answer: Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following, EXCEPT:- the nature of any newly identified problems.- whether or not the patient is deteriorating.- the patient's response to your treatments.

Question: A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious. He is screaming in pain and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should:- administer 100% supplemental oxygen.- ensure that his airway is patent.- elevate his legs and keep him warm.- apply direct pressure to the wound.

Answer: A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious. He is screaming in pain and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should:- administer 100% supplemental oxygen.- ensure that his airway is patent.- elevate his legs and keep him warm.

Question: When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to:- dilate.- become larger.- become smaller.- not react.

Answer: When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to:- dilate.- become larger.- not react.

Question: You are assessing a 72-year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table. You should:- direct your partner to move the gun to a safe area and then advise the patient that his weapon has been secured.- document the presence of the weapon, including its specific location, and continue your assessment of the patient.- immediately cease all patient care, carefully back out of the residence, and request law enforcement assistance.- position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance.

Answer: You are assessing a 72-year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table. You should:- direct your partner to move the gun to a safe area and then advise the patient that his weapon has been secured.- document the presence of the weapon, including its specific location, and continue your assessment of the patient.- immediately cease all patient care, carefully back out of the residence, and request law enforcement assistance.

Question: What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?- Head tilt-neck lift- Jaw-thrust maneuver- Head tilt-chin lift- Tongue-jaw lift

Answer: What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?- Head tilt-neck lift- Head tilt-chin lift- Tongue-jaw lift

Question: Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?- Noting the position of a crashed motor vehicle- Notifying the dispatcher to send fire personnel- Asking a neighbor to secure the patient's dog- Rapidly assessing a patient's respiratory status

Answer: Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?- Noting the position of a crashed motor vehicle- Notifying the dispatcher to send fire personnel- Asking a neighbor to secure the patient's dog

Question: Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after:- a physician arrives at the scene.- area hospitals have been notified.- all the patients have been triaged.- the number of patients is known.

Answer: Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after:- a physician arrives at the scene.- area hospitals have been notified.- the number of patients is known.

Question: You are assessing a patient who fell off a ladder. He is conscious and alert and complaining of pain to his right side and shortness of breath. This is known as __________.- The mechanism of injury- The nature of illness- The chief complaint- A sign

Answer: You are assessing a patient who fell off a ladder. He is conscious and alert and complaining of pain to his right side and shortness of breath. This is known as __________.- The mechanism of injury- The nature of illness- A sign

Question: What are the tripod and sniffing positions? What do they indicate?

Answer: - Tripod position: An upright position in which the patient leans forward onto outstretched arms with the head and chin thrust slightly forward.- Sniffing position: An upright position in which the patient's head and chin are thrust slightly forward to keep the airway open; the optimum position for the uninjured child who requires airway management.- They indicate that patient trying to increase airflow.

Question: When conducting a primary assessment, which of the following should you assess?- Level of consciousness (LOC)- Head-to-toe in-depth physical exam- Vital signs- Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)

Answer: When conducting a primary assessment, which of the following should you assess?- Head-to-toe in-depth physical exam- Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs)

Question: When responding to a 45-year-old man involved in a motorcycle accident who is unresponsive, where should you palpate for a pulse?- Radial pulse- Carotid pulse- Brachial pulse- Femoral pulse

Answer: When responding to a 45-year-old man involved in a motorcycle accident who is unresponsive, where should you palpate for a pulse?- Radial pulse- Brachial pulse- Femoral pulse*Check radial pulse in responsive adult patients. Carotid pulse in unresponsive adult patients. Brachial pulse in infants.

Question: __________ is used for asking questions about pain.- ABC- OPQRST- Pertinent negative- SAMPLE

Answer: __________ is used for asking questions about pain.- ABC- OPQRST- Pertinent negative

Question: (T/F) Wheezing is a harsh, high-pitched breath sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway.

Answer: False- Stridor is a harsh, high-pitched breath sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway. - Wheezing is a high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways.

Question: (T/F) Tidal volume is a measure of the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs in one minute.

Answer: False- Tidal volume is a measure of the amount of air that is moved into or out of the lungs during one .

Question: (T/F) Counting respirations is most easily done by counting each peak chest rise.

Answer: True- It is easier to count each peak chest rise when counting respirations.

Question: (T/F) Inhalation and exhalation times occur in a 1:3 ratio; the active inhalation phase lasts one-third the amount of time of the passive exhalation phase.

Answer: True- Inhalation-exhalation times do occur in a 1:3 ratio.

Question: In an adult patient, a pulse rate that is greater than 100 beats/min is described as ________.- Bradycardia- Hypertension- Hypotension- Tachycardia

Answer: In an adult patient, a pulse rate that is greater than 100 beats/min is described as ________.- Bradycardia- Hypertension- Hypotension

Question: What is the first concern when entering a scene?- ABCs- Physical assessment- Scene safety- Vital signs

Answer: What is the first concern when entering a scene?- ABCs- Physical assessment- Vital signs

Question: You respond to a home where a 25-year-old woman is lying in bed. She is semiconscious but opens her eyes when you speak to her, and is lethargic. How do you rate her on the AVPU scale?- Awake and alert- Responsive to verbal stimuli- Responsive to pain- Unresponsive

Answer: You respond to a home where a 25-year-old woman is lying in bed. She is semiconscious but opens her eyes when you speak to her, and is lethargic. How do you rate her on the AVPU scale?- Awake and alert- Responsive to pain- Unresponsive

Question: Which of the following would be used to describe the patient's pulse rate of 140 beats/min?- bradycardia- dyspnea- tachypnea- tachycardia

Answer: Which of the following would be used to describe the patient's pulse rate of 140 beats/min?- bradycardia- dyspnea- tachypnea

Question: What is a pertinent negative?- A negative finding that requires further care and/or intervention- A negative finding that requires advanced life support- A negative finding that implies another condition may be present- A negative finding that requires no further care or intervention

Answer: What is a pertinent negative?- A negative finding that requires further care and/or intervention- A negative finding that requires advanced life support- A negative finding that implies another condition may be present

Question: What is the purpose of the primary assessment?- To evaluate the conditions in which you are operating- To identify and begin to treat immediate life threats- To perform a systematic physical examination- To identify and treat changes in a patient's condition

Answer: What is the purpose of the primary assessment?- To evaluate the conditions in which you are operating- To perform a systematic physical examination- To identify and treat changes in a patient's condition

Question: At what point in the patient assessment process do you investigate the chief complaint?- Primary assessment- History taking- Secondary assessment- Reassessment

Answer: At what point in the patient assessment process do you investigate the chief complaint?- Primary assessment- Secondary assessment- Reassessment

Question: When treating a 6-year-old, you note a brassy crowing sound, especially when she breathes in. What is this?- Crackle- Snoring- Stridor- Wheezing

Answer: When treating a 6-year-old, you note a brassy crowing sound, especially when she breathes in. What is this?- Crackle- Snoring- Wheezing

Question: In what phase of patient assessment do you determine MOI/NOI?- Scene size-up- Primary assessment- History taking- Secondary assessment

Answer: In what phase of patient assessment do you determine MOI/NOI?- Primary assessment- History taking- Secondary assessment

Question: What is the primary purpose of standard precautions?- Infection prevention- Ensuring scene safety- Determining communication standards- Streamlining incident command

Answer: What is the primary purpose of standard precautions?- Ensuring scene safety- Determining communication standards- Streamlining incident command

Question: Which of the following devices would you use to measure a patient's ventilation, circulation, and metabolism?- Pulse oximetry- Capnography- Blood glucometry- Sphygmomanometer

Answer: Which of the following devices would you use to measure a patient's ventilation, circulation, and metabolism?- Pulse oximetry- Blood glucometry- Sphygmomanometer