Question: The Incentive Approach

Answer: does not explain the motivation behind all behavior.

Question: Many Theories Today See

Answer: motivation as a result of both the "push" of internal needs or drives and the "pull" of a rewarding external stimulus. For example, sometimes a person may actually be hungry (the push) but choose to satisy that drive by selecting a candy bar instead of a celery stick. The candy bar has more appeal to most people, and therefore has more "pull" than the celery. For most people about anything has more pull than celery.

Question: Abraham Maslow

Answer: a final approach to the study of motivation; he was one of the early humanistic psychologists who rejected the dominant theories of psychoanalysis and behaviorism in favor of a more positive view of human behavior

Question: Abraham Maslow Proposed

Answer: that there are several levels of needs that a person must strive to meet before achieving the highest level of personality fulfillment. According to him, self actualization is the point that is seldom reached at which people have satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential.

Question: Self-Actualization

Answer: the point that is seldom reached at which people has sastisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

Question: Needs In Self-Actualization

Answer: they include both deficiency needs and growth needs. Deficiency needs are needs of the body, such as the need for food and water, whereas growth needs are for desire such as having friends or feeling good about oneself. For a person to achieve self-actualization, which is the highest level of growth needs, the primary, basic needs must first be fulfilled. The most basic needs for survival at the bottom and the highest needs at the top. This was A pyramid representing Maslows series of needs and this type of ranking is called a hirearchy.

Question: Maslow Pyramid Of Needs

Answer: This was representing Maslows series of needs and this type of ranking is called a hirearchy

Question: Lowest Level Of The Pyramid (Physiological Needs)

Answer: consists of physiological needs such as food, water, and rest. Once those needs are met, safety becomes important and involves feeling secure

Question: Above The Last Level (Safety Needs)

Answer: becomes important and involves feeling secure. (to feel secure, out of danger)

Question: (Belongingness and Love Needs:) Third Level from the Bottom

Answer: (To be with others, be accepted, and belong) need for friends and companions

Question: (Esteem Needs:) Fourth Level From The Bottom

Answer: (to achieve, be competent, gain approval, and recognition) the need to feel that one has accomplished something good or earned the esteem of others

Question: (Cognitive Needs) Fifth Level From Bottom

Answer: (to know, understand, and explore) the need to know and understand the world. This need is typical of an academic person who learns for the sake of gathering knowledge, and all people have a natural curiosity

Question: (Aesthetic Needs) Sixth Level From Bottom

Answer: (to appreciate symmetry, order, and beauty) include the need for order and beauty and are typical of artistic people.

Question: (Self-Actualization Needs) Seventh Level From Bottom

Answer: (to find self-fulfillment and realize one's potential) needs to help a person reach his or her full potential and capabilities as a human being.

Question: (Transcendence Needs) Top Of The Pyramid

Answer: (to help others achieve self-actualization) involves helping others to achieve their full potential. This aspect of Maslows hierachy is very similar to a stage in another theorist's work. Erik Erikson theorized a stage in personality development called generativity. in which people focus on helping the next generation through earlier crises of personality development.

Question: Erik Erikson

Answer: theorized a stage in personality development called generativity. in which people focus on helping the next generation through earlier crises of personality development.

Question: People (facts)

Answer: the ymove up the pyramid as they go through life, gaining wisdom and the knowledge of how to handle many different situations. But a shift in life's circumstances can result in a shift down to a lower need;; For example, you might have a job you love and a loving family and life is good. If you lose the job, you might have to take a menial one to make ends meet. You dropped from the peak of the pyramd to the level of security, working your way back up the hierachy. Moving up and down and then back up can occur frequently- even from one hour to the next.

Question: Peak Experiences

Answer: the times in which a person's life in which self-actualization is achieved, at least temporarily, are called this.

Question: For Maslow

Answer: the process of growth and self-actualization is the striving to make peak experiences happen again and again

Question: Maslow''s Theory

Answer: has had a powerful influence on the field of management and has spawned new ideas and concepts of what might be an appropiate revised hierachy. In spite of this influence, this is not without its critics. There are several problems with this, and the most serious is that there is little scientific support. He developed this based on personal observations of people rather than any empiracally gathered observations or research.

Question: Ancedotal

Answer: although many people report that while they were starving, they could think of nothing but food, there is this that in the lives of many pepople, some of them quite well known, that in the lower needs do not have to be satisfied before moving on to a higher need. For example, artists and scientists throughout history have been known to deny their own physical needs while producing great works ( a self actualization need)

Question: Maslow's Work

Answer: was based on his studies of americans. Cross-cultural research suggests that the order of the needs on the hierachy foes not always hold true for other cultures, particularly those cultures with stronger tendency than the U.S culture to avoid uncertainty, such as Greece and Japan. In those countries, security needs are much stronger than self-actualization needs in determining motivation, this means that people in those cultures value job security more than they do job satisfaction (holding an interesting or challenging job). In countries such as sweden and norway that stress quality of life or what a person produces, social needs may be more important than self-actualization needs