Question: Evolution can be defined as:

Answer: a change in the genetic makeup (allele frequency) of a population from one generation to the next.

Question: The only possible source of new, unique, genetic material comes from what?

Answer: mutations

Question: According to Charles Darwin, natural selection operates at the level of:

Answer: individuals

Question: Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between two populations?

Answer: gene flow

Question: Genetic drift is the force of evolution that is most powerful when acting on very large populations.

Answer: FALSE

Question: Reproductive isolation is key to the development of individual species.

Answer: TRUE

Question: The inability to taste PTC indicates a homozygous recessive genotype.

Answer: TRUE

Question: Malaria is caused by:

Answer: bites from infected mosquitoes.

Question: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assumes:

Answer: no gene flow, mutation, genetic drift, or natural selection.

Question: "Fitness," in an evolutionary sense, refers to an individual's:

Answer: reproductive success.

Question: The substitution of one DNA base for another due to a mistake during replication is called a:

Answer: point mutation.

Question: The ABO and MN blood type frequencies of the Dunkers differ significantly from those of current American and German populations due to:

Answer: genetic drift.

Question: Mutations to which cells are most likely to have significant evolutionary consequences?

Answer: sex cells (gametes)

Question: The best-documented case of industrial melanism involves:

Answer: peppered moths.

Question: The mutation known as trisomy 21, in which an extra copy of chromosome 21 is present, is more commonly known as:

Answer: Down syndrome.