Classify The Given Items With The Appropriate Group.
Label the glial cells of the CNS.
-Astrocyte
-Ependymal Cell
-Microglial Cell
-Oligodendrocyte
Removal of the left cerebral hemisphere would prevent voluntary movement of the right side of the body.
True
Place in order the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
5 - CSF flows into the arachnoid villi and drains into the dural venous sinuses.
3 - CSF flows through the paired lateral apertures or the single medial aperture and into the central canal of the spinal cord.
1 - CSF is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles.
2 - CSF flows from the 3rd ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct into the 4th ventricle.
4 - CSF flows through the subarachnoid space and removes waste products.
A regenerating axon in the PNS is guided by the regeneration tube, and grows at a rate of about 5 mm per day
True
The name of the glial cell that covers the capillaries in the brain with its perivascular feet, helping to form the blood-brain barrier is a(n) ______________.
Astrocyte
The specific location where two neurons meet is called a ____________.
Synapse
Place the following labels in the proper position to designate the appropriate glial cells.
Oligodendrocytes
-Form the myelin sheath in the CNS
Ependymal Cells
-Function in the production and circulation of CSF
Microglia
-Cells of the lymphatic system
-Marcrophages of the CNS
Astrocytes
-Most abundant CNS glial cell
-Involved in neurogenesis, scar formation, and BBB maintenance
Neurolemmocytes
-Form the myelin sheath in the PNS
Satellite Cells
-PNS cells that surround and insulate the somas
The most direct effect of severing the corpus callosum would be that
the cerebral hemispheres could not directly communicate.
The nervous system is involved in most body functions. Match the following definitions or examples with the correct term.
Sensory Input
-Nervous system receieves numerous external and internal stimuli from receptors
-Chemical receptors reveive information for our sense of smell and tatste
Muscle and Gland Control
-The ability to run and swim is initiated by the brain and spinal cord
-The nervous system controls salivation in response to food
-Biofeedback can slow heart attacks
Homeostasis
-The ability to detect interpret and respond to changes in internal and external conditions
Integration
-The brain can calculate if a response is needed to a stimulus
Classify the given items with the appropriate group.
Structural Classification
-Based upon the CNS component nerve arises from
- Would include spinal nerves
Functional Classification
-Based upon direction information is sent
-Would include sensory nerves
-Would include motor nerves
-Would include mixed nerves
The fundamental physiological properties that enable nerve cells to communicate with other cells are
All of these choices are correct.
Correctly label the following anatomical features of the neuroglia.
-Neurons
-Oligodendrocyte
-Myelinated axon
-Myelin sheath (cut)
-Microglial cell
Pain receptors in the skin send signals to the CNS for processing. These pain receptors are an example of ____________ neurons.
Afferent
Put the cranial meninges in order, from deep (closest to the brain) to superficial (farthest from the brain).
3 - Dura mater
1 - Pia mater
2 - Arachnoid mater
The ___________ nervous system transmits information from receptors to the CNS, while the ___________ nervous system transmits information from the CNS to the rest of the body.
sensory; motor
The most common type of neuron contains many dendrites and a single axon. Structurally, this is classified as a(n) ______________ neuron
multipolar
In a nerve, groups of axons are wrapped into separate bundles called ____________.
Fascicles
As you are reading these words on the screen, what part of your brain is allowing you to perform the complex, conscious intellectual task of reading and comprehension?
Cerebrum
A typical synapse in the CNS consists of a presynaptic neuron and a postsynaptic neuron, separated by a narrow space called the
Synaptic Cleft
Correctly label the following functional regions of the cerebral cortex.
(CLOCKWISE)
-Primary Motor Cortex
-Primary Somatosensory Cortex
-Primary Visual Cortex
-Primary Auditory Cortex
-Primary Olfactory Area
-Primary Gustatory Cortex
Nerve growth factors that stimulate outgrowth of severed axons are secreted by
neurolemmocytes
Myelin does more than protect axons, it also permits action potentials to travel more rapidly. Complete these True or False questions to test your understanding of myelinated and unmyelinated neurons.
1. In myelinated axons, the plasma membrane of neurolemmocytes or oligodendrocytes must repeatedly wrap around a segment of an axon to form the myelin sheath. TRUE
2. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps found in the plasma membrane of neurolemmocytes and oligodendrocytes. FALSE
3. There are neurolemmocytes or oligodendrocytes in unmyelinated areas of the neuron. TRUE
4. There are neurolemmocytes or oligodendrocytes at a node of Ranvier. TRUE
5. In unmyelinated axons, the axon may be surrounded by a series of neurolemmocytes or oligodendrocytes. TRUE
Classify the given items with the appropriate group.
Oligodendrocyte
-Can myleinate 1mm portions of axons of many neurons
-Found in the CNS only
-No formation of neurilemma
Neurolemmocyte
-Nerves located in the abdomen
-Only myelinates 1mm portion of a single axon
-Takes many to myelinate one axon
-Found in PNS only
-Has a neurilemma formed
Another term for the __________ system is the afferent nervous system.
sensory
Classify the given items with the appropriate group
Multipolar Neuron
-Most common type of neuron
-Have many dendrites and a single axon
Bipolar Neuron
-Have one axon and one dendrite
Unipolar Neuron
-Have central and peripheral processes
Anaxonic Neuron
-No axons are present
-Only produce local potentials
Label the regions involved in interpreting and carrying out speech information
-Prefontral Cortex
-Motor speech area
-Wernike Area
Label the structures of a nerve
Axon
Neuronlemmacyte
Perinuerium
-Epineurium
-Endoneurium
Label the regions of gray and white matter in the brain.
-Cortex
-Inner White Matter
-Corpus Callosum
-Internal Capsule
-Cerebral Neuclei
The vagus nerve contains afferent and efferent neurons, therefore it is an example of a(n) __________ nerve.
Mixed