________ refers to the minimum amount of stimulus energy required to be detected 50% of the time.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
transduction

absolute threshold

Decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as ________.
transduction
difference threshold
sensory adaptation
inattentional blindness

sensory adaptation

________ involves the conversion of sensory stimulus energy into neural impulses.
sensory adaptation
inattentional blindness
difference threshold
transduction

transduction

________ occurs when sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.
sensation
perception
transduction
sensory adaptation

perception

Which of the following correctly matches the pattern in our perception of color as we move from short wavelengths to long wavelengths?
red to orange to yellow
yellow to orange to red
yellow to red to orange
orange to yellow to red

yellow to orange to red

The visible spectrum includes light that ranges from about ________.
400-700 nm
200-900 nm
20-20000 Hz
10-20 dB

400-700 nm

The electromagnetic spectrum includes ________.
radio waves
x-rays
infrared light
all of the above

infrared light

The audible range for humans is ________.
380-740 Hz
10-20 dB
less than 300 dB
20-20,000 Hz

20-20,000 Hz

The quality of a sound that is affected by frequency, amplitude, and timing of the sound wave is known as ________.
pitch
tone
electromagnetic
timbre

timbre

The ________ is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones.
optic chiasm
optic nerve
fovea
iris

fovea

________ operate best under bright light conditions.
cones
rods
retinal ganglion cells
striate cortex

cones

________ depth cues require the use of both eyes.
monocular
binocular
linear perspective
accommodating

binocular

If you were to stare at a green dot for a relatively long period of time and then shift your gaze to a blank white screen, you would see a ________ negative afterimage.
blue
yellow
black
red

red

Hair cells located near the base of the basilar membrane respond best to ________ sounds.
low-frequency
high-frequency
low-amplitude
high-amplitude

high-frequency

The three ossicles of the middle ear are known as ________.
malleus, incus, and stapes
hammer, anvil, and stirrup
pinna, cochlea, and utricle
both a and b

both a and b

Hearing aids might be effective for treating ________.
Ménière's disease
sensorineural hearing loss
conductive hearing loss
interaural time differences

conductive hearing loss

Cues that require two ears are referred to as ________ cues.
monocular
monaural
binocular
binaural

binaural

Chemical messages often sent between two members of a species to communicate something about reproductive status are called ________.
hormones
pheromones
Merkel's disks
Meissner's corpuscles

pheromones

Which taste is associated with monosodium glutamate?
sweet
bitter
umami
sour

umami

________ serve as sensory receptors for temperature and pain stimuli.
free nerve endings
Pacinian corpuscles
Ruffini corpuscles
Meissner's corpuscles

free nerve endings

Which of the following is involved in maintaining balance and body posture?
auditory nerve
nociceptors
olfactory bulb
vestibular system

vestibular system

According to the principle of ________, objects that occur close to one another tend to be grouped together.
similarity
good continuation
proximity
closure

proximity

Our tendency to perceive things as complete objects rather than as a series of parts is known as the principle of ________.
closure
good continuation
proximity
similarity

closure

According to the law of ________, we are more likely to perceive smoothly flowing lines rather than choppy or jagged lines.
closure
good continuation
proximity
similarity

good continuation

The main point of focus in a visual display is known as the ________.
closure
perceptual set
ground
figure

figure