In 1979, Iranian militant groups took ___________________ hostage in Tehran.

52 americans

What was one reform that helped transform Turkey in the 1920s?

The nation granted women the right to vote.

Who led the Turkish nationalists in the 1920s?

Mustafa Kemal

Islamic clerics criticized the shah of Iran because they

disapproved of his Westernization policies.

What led to widespread protests in Iran in 2009?

charges of election fraud

Today, the fundamentalist movement in the Middle East calls for

adherence to Islamic political traditions.

In the 1970s, the shah of Iran was

overthrown and sent into exile.

In the 1940s and 1950s, pan-Arabism grew in the Middle East in response to

growing influence from Western nations.

How did Reza Pahlavi differ from Ayatollah Khomeini?

Pahlavi pushed for westernization in Iran, while Khomeini brought about religious reform in that nation.

What was an effect of the Arab Spring movement in Libya?

An armed insurrection against the regime lead to the overthrow and death of Moammar Gadhafi.