Question: Extremely stressful or traumatic events, such as combat, natural disasters, and terrorist attacks, place the people who experience them at an increased risk for developing psychological disorders such as

Answer: post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question: PTSD - this disorder was called _____ and _____ because its symptoms were observed in soldiers who had engaged in wartime combat

Answer: shell shock; combat neurosis

Question: PTSD - to be diagnosed you must be

Answer: exposed to, witness, or experience the details of a traumatic experience (e.g., a first responder), one that involves “actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence”

Question: PTSD - symptoms include

Answer: exposed to, witness, or experience the details of a traumatic experience (e.g., a first responder), one that involves “actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence”

Question: PTSD - Roughly what percentage of adults in the United States, including 9.7% of women and 3.6% of men, experience PTSD in their lifetime

Answer: 7%

Question: Learning and the development of PTSD - PTSD learning models suggest that some symptoms are developed and maintained through

Answer: classical conditioning

Question: Learning and the development of PTSD - The traumatic event may act as an _____ that elicits an _____ characterized by extreme fear and anxiety

Answer: unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response

Question: Symptoms of PTSD include all of the following except ________.

1. intrusive thoughts or memories of a traumatic event

2. b. avoidance of things that remind one of a traumatic event

3. c. jumpiness

4. d. physical complaints that cannot be explained medically

5. Answer: d. physical complaints that cannot be explained medically

6. Question: Which of the following elevates the risk for developing PTSD?

7. a. severity of the trauma

8. b. frequency of the trauma

9. c. high levels of intelligence

10. d. social support

11. Answer: a. severity of the trauma

12. Question: Flashback

13. Answer: psychological state lasting from a few seconds to several days, during which one relives a traumatic event and behaves as though the event were occurring at that moment