Question: Anecdotal examples of Phineas Gage and Elliot in your textbook provide a demonstration of how damage to the __________ may be associated with an inability to process and experience emotion.

Answer: frontal lobe

Question: According to the discrete emotions theory, emotions are

Answer: to serve evolutionary functions.

Question: What did Charles Darwin believe about the origin of emotions?

Answer: They are a product of evolution

Question: According to the discrete emotions theory, emotional expressions are recognizable across cultures because

Answer: each emotion is associated with a distinct “motor program” that reflects genetically influenced physiological responses that are essentially the same in all people

Question: Which of the following provides the best example of how emotional expressions are by-products of innate motor programs?

Answer: Babies who are blind from birth smile in response to playing and tickling.

Question: A three-month-old baby named Bryan smiles even when he is alone. Scientific research has suggested that his smile should be attributed to

Answer: his innate motor programs from birth.

Question: Paul Ekman and his colleagues gathered abundant evidence supporting the universality of _______ basic facial expressions of emotion.

Answer: 7

Question: Paul Ekman and colleagues believed that no more than ____ primary emotions are cross-culturally universal.

Answer: 7

Question: According to Ekman, which of the following is NOT one of the universal facial expressions?

Answer: Shame

Question: Which of the following is NOT a primary emotion?

Answer: hatred