Question: The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the _______ fate of organisms.

1. genetic

2. B. developmental

3. C. adult

4. D. mitotic

5. Answer: A

6. Question: Small circular, extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as _______.

7. A. vectors

8. B. plasmids

9. C. clones

10. D. RNA

11. Answer: B

12. Question: Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called _____________.

13. A. vectors

14. B. peptidases

15. C. restriction endonucleases

16. D. DNAses

17. Answer: C

18. Question: . Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called ______ ends.

19. A. sticky

20. B. orphaned

21. C. vectors

22. D. 5’

23. Answer: A

24. Question: Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as ______ to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

25. A. clones

26. B. vectors

27. C. endonucleases

28. D. subunits

29. Answer: B

30. Question: Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size, by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

31. A. duplication

32. B. blotting

33. C. electrophoresis

34. D. migration

35. Answer: C

36. Question: . The _________ from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering involving crop plant genes.

37. A. restriction endonucleases

38. B. DNA

39. C. Ti vector

40. D. Ti plasmid

41. Answer: D

42. Question: A ______ vaccine is produced by using only the non-infectious part of the viral genome.

43. A. immunization

44. B. subunit

45. C. bacterial

46. D. prokaryotic

47. Answer: B

48. Question:

49. Answer: A

50. Question:

51. Answer: A