Question: Characteristics of Bacillus anthracis include all the following, except:

1. capsule and exotoxins are virulence factors.

2. B. anaerobic.

3. C. reservoir includes infected grazing animals and contaminated soil.

4. D. gram positive bacillus.

5. E. sporeformer.

6. Answer: A.

7. Question: Anthrax is:

8. A. a zoonosis.

9. B. transmitted by contact, inhalation, and ingestion.

10. C. a disease that, in humans, can cause a rapidly fatal toxemia and septicemia.

11. D. only seen sporadically in the United States.

12. E. All of the choices are correct.

13. Answer: E.

14. Question: Which form of anthrax involves a black eschar on the skin?

15. A. pulmonary

16. B. gastrointestinal

17. C. cutaneous

18. D. All of the choices are correct.

19. E. None of the choices are correct.

20. Answer: C

21. Question: This type of anthrax is called “wool-sorter’s disease”:

22. A. pulmonary.

23. B. gastrointestinal.

24. C. cutaneous.

25. D. All of the choices are correct.

26. E. None of the choices are correct.

27. Answer: A.

28. Question: Treatment and control of anthrax includes:

29. A. use of antimicrobics, such as ciprofloxacin for active cases.

30. B. vaccination of livestock.

31. C. toxoid for military and those with occupational exposure.

32. D. proper disposal of animals that have died from anthrax.

33. E. All of the choices are correct.

34. Answer: E.

35. Question: Which is not correct about Bacillus cereus?

36. A. present in soll

37. B. produce enterotoxins

38. C. causes foodborne intoxication

39. D. causes a zoonosis

40. E. associated with cooked rice, potato, and meat dishes that are stored at room temperature

41. Answer: D.

42. Question: The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is:

43. A. gastrointestinal anthrax.

44. B. Bacillus cereus intoxication.

45. C. botulism.

46. D. Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis.

47. E. All of the choices are correct.

48. Answer: C.

49. Question: Production of enterotoxin is a characteristic of:

50. A. Clostridium botulinum.

51. B. Clostridium perfringens.

52. C. Clostridium difficile.

53. D. Clostridium tetani.

54. E. All of the choices are correct.

55. Answer: C.

56. Question: Production of a neurotoxin that binds to target sites on spinal cord neurons responsible for inhibiting skeletal muscle contraction is a characteristic of:

57. A. Clostridium botulinum.

58. B. Clostridium perfringens.

59. C. Clostridium difficile.

60. D. Clostridium tetani.

61. E. All of the choices are correct.

62. Answer: D.

63. Question: Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of:

64. A. Clostridium botulinum.

65. B. Clostridium perfringens.

66. C. Clostridium difficile.

67. D. Clostridium tetani.

68. E. All of the choices are correct.

69. Answer: A.