All of the following foods contain active vitamin A except:

liver.
Fish oils.
milk.
french fries

French Fries

Healthy people can eat vitamin A-rich foods in large amounts without risking toxicity, with the possible exception of:

eggs.
cheese.
liver.
fortified breakfast cereals.

Liver

Population studies suggest that people whose diets lack foods rich in beta-carotene have a higher incidence of:
rickets.
macular degeneration.
anemia.
osteomalacia.

Macular Deneration

What is one symptom of a beta-carotene toxicity?

bright yellow skin
night blindness
rough, dry skin
hardening of the macula in the eye

Bright Yellow Skin

Important roles of vitamin D in the body in addition to maintenance of bone health include all of the following except:

cell growth and specialization.
influence over hair follicles.
influence over reproductive system cells.
health of the retina in the eye.

Health of the Retina in the eye.

Research suggests that deficiency of vitamin D may lead to what?

low blood pressure.
cardiovascular disease.
gallbladder disease.
kidney stones.

Cardiovascular Diease

The vitamin D deficiency disease in adults is known as:

osteomalacia.
pellagra.
rickets.
macular degeneration.

Osteomalacia

Which of the following is the most potentially toxic of all vitamins?

A
E
K
D

D

By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except:

an organic compound.
indispensable to body function.
needed in minute amounts.
a non-essential nutrient.

A Non-essential nutrient

Vitamin E serves as:

a precursor.
a vitamin antagonist.
an antioxidant.
an antivitamin.

An Antioxidant

The main function of vitamin K is:

to act as an antioxidant in cell membranes.
to help synthesize proteins that help clot the blood.
to influence body functions through its regulation of the genes.
to help synthesize key bone proteins.

To help synthesize proteins that help clot the blood

A compound in food that can be converted into an active vitamin inside the body is known as a(an):

precursor.
antivitamin.
coenzyme.
enzyme.

Precursor

Characteristics of water-soluble vitamins include all of the following except:

they seldom reach toxic levels.
they are easily absorbed and excreted.
they dissolve in water.
they are stored extensively in tissues.

They are stored extensively in tissues.

Which of the following statements regarding vitamin C is/are true?

It helps to protect against infection.
It helps in iron absorption.
It prevents the common cold.
All of the Above

It helps to protect against infection.
It helps in iron absorption.

All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except:

A.
D.
C.
K.

C

The thiamin deficiency disease is known as:

pellagra.
osteomalacia.
scurvy.
beriberi.

BeriBeri

Pellagra is a _____ deficiency disease.

vitamin C
niacin
thiamin
vitamin B12

Niacin

An uninformed strict vegetarian is at special risk for _____ deficiency.

vitamin B12
folate
vitamin B6
niacin

Vitamin B-12

Any disease that produces _____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.

carbohydrate
protein
fat
a and b
b and c

Fat

Vitamin toxicity is more of a concern with which type of vitamins?

Fat-soluble vitamins because they are stored more readily in body tissues
Water-soluble vitamins because they are readily absorbed and circulate in the blood
Water-soluble vitamins because they are the main type found in vitamin supplements
Fat-soluble vitamins because they are found in higher amounts in foods

Fat-soluble vitamins because they are stored more readily in body tissues

The first sign of dehydration is:

headache.
confusion.
thirst.
fatigue.

Thirst

How much water and fluid beverages (in cups) should a man consume each day, under moderate environmental conditions and given a normal diet?

6
9
13
15

13

Which of the following stabilizes bones and makes teeth resistant to decay?

cadmium
chloride
fluoride
mercury

Fluoride

Which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body's weight?

major minerals
protein
water
trace minerals

Water

Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?

calcium
phosphorus
sodium
iron

Calcium