cricoid

The __________ cartilage is a firm ring that forms the inferior part of the larynx.

alveolar sacs.

The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the:

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells.

Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:

12 and 20 breaths/min.

An adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between:

Deep respirations

Which of the following would NOT cause a decrease in tidal volume?

cervical spine injuries.

The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected:

A 40-year-old unconscious patient with slow, shallow respirations

Which of the following patients would MOST likely require insertion of an oropharyngeal airway?

penetrating the cranium.

The MOST serious complication associated with using a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient with trauma to the head or face is:

roll her onto her side and remove the oral airway.

You have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-valve mask. She suddenly begins regurgitating large amounts of vomit. You should:

ensure that the correct regulator is used for the cylinder.

The purpose of the pin-indexing system for compressed gas cylinders is to:

cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood.

Oxygen toxicity is a condition in which:

when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask.

The nasal cannula is MOST appropriately used in the prehospital setting:

assist his ventilations with a bag-valve mask.

You and your partner are treating a 66-year-old man who experienced a sudden onset of respiratory distress. He is conscious but is unable to follow simple verbal commands. Further assessment reveals that his breathing is severely labored and his oxygen saturation is 80%. You should:

It increases intrathoracic pressure, which decreases venous return to the heart and causes a decrease in cardiac output.

How does positive-pressure ventilation affect cardiac output?

increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume.

All of the following will help minimize the risk of gastric distention when ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, EXCEPT:

have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands.

CPAP is indicated for patients who:

encouraging him to cough and transporting.

A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath.

Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that:

aerobic metabolism.

In the presence of oxygen, the cells convert glucose into energy through a process called:

hypercarbia.

If ventilation is impaired, carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream will increase. This condition is called:

Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called:

Oxygen supports the combustion process and may cause a fire.

Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is correct?

Air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange.

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly?

remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:

300 mm Hg.

When testing a mechanical suctioning unit, you should turn on the device, clamp the tubing, and ensure that it generates a vacuum pressure of more than:

Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse?

Patients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate.

Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct?

a lower airway obstruction.

During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates:

can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex.

The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it:

55%

You are performing mouth-to-mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving?

A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?

A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed

In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?

Carbon monoxide poisoning

A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury and the patient's medical history is not known. The patient's face is cyanotic, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this?

A 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing

Which of the following patients should you place in the recovery position?

It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane.

How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems?

ventilation

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called:

Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries.

Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?

Bronchus

Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway?

seal the mouth and nose.

You are ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should:

nonrebreathing mask.

A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a: