Question: In what ways did the Industrial Revolution mark a sharp break with the past? In what ways did it continue earlier patterns?

Answer: Break with Past: News jobs and respect for women, a larger middle class, industry, new socialist ideas, hierarchies, belief that things could be improved

Continuities: continued population growth, patriarchy, social inequality

Question: Why did the industrialization first occur in Europe?

Answer: It started in Britain because of its advanced industries at the time, their innovation, aristocratic encouragement. It provided incentive to counter competing states

Question: Some believed that European culture was inherently suited to industry and technology. What argument or arguments countered this idea?

Answer:

Question: Describe the environmental impact of the Industrial Revolution

Answer: New industrial fuels such as coal and oil replaced the old —> massive pollution rise

New industry also altered the landscape and ecosystems. It affected humans as well - pollution, odors, and smoke caused many new illnesses and widespread sickness in people living around industrial areas.

Question: What are some of the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Answer: Environmental degradation

Political structure was changed

Government now favored men of business -

New industry and innovations increased the amount of infrastructure

The laboring class suffered the most as factories grew in the name of economic growth (poor working conditions)

Question: What is the explanation or explanations for why Britain was the first European country to industrialize?

Answer: political stability

labor

raw materials

banking system

transportation system

Question: How did contact with other civilizations contribute to Europe’s Industrial Revolution?

Answer: It created competition, and an incentive for Europe as other places began to prosper

Question: How did the Industrial Revolution solve the emerging energy crisis of the 18th century?

Answer: The use of nonrenewable resources such as coal, gas, etc. created a surplus of energy and could use them in large quantities as well as for cheap.

Question: Identify the world’s first industrial society

Answer: Britain

Question: The source of wealth among the British aristocracy of the 19th century primarily came from what?

Answer: agricultural based colonies, farms, etc.