Question: who were the peninsulares, and why did the creoles resent them?

Answer: peninsulares were spanish and portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned to their homeland. The creole elites resented the peninsulares, who dominated latin america and drained the region of its wealth.

Question: Who was Francois Dominique Toussaint L’Ouverture, and what did he accomplish?

Answer: forever slave. he led more than 100,00 enslaved people in revolt. they seized control of all of Hispaniola ( now called Haiti)

Question: why is miguel hidalgo considered the first real hero of mexican independence

Answer: Hidalgo led this ill-equipped army of thousands of Native Americans and mestizos in an attack against the spaniards

Question: Who were Jose de San Martin & Simon Bolivar?

Answer: They were members of the creole elite.. “Liberators of South America”, they led revolutions

Question: what did the monroe doctrine say

Answer: Any attempts by a European power to reassert control over a rebellious colony in S. America would be viewed as a threat

Question: Who were caudillos?

Answer: regional military leaders who provided order in Latin America

Question: What did Benito Juarez do?

Answer: 1. separated church and state 2. distributed land to the poor 3. created an educational system for all

Question: why was most of the population of latin america poor?

Answer: Land was basis of wealth, most of the population did not have their own land to grow crops

Question: describe the economy of the new countries of latin america

Answer: Economically dependent of Western nations, emphasis on exporting raw materials and importing finished products