Question: Another approach to handling interpersonal problems and concerns is to use ______________ ________________.

Answer: critical thinking

Question: Most definitions of critical thinking are based on cognitive developmental theories such as those of Piaget, King and Kitchener, and Bloom and Kohlberg and involve a process of:

Answer: 1. Observing available information and determining what the main issue is

2. Forming beliefs (developing arguments using supportive evidence)

3. Coming to a conclusion (deciding which view is most reasonable)

Question: Taking a step-by-step approach helps you look realistically and logically at a problem. This method encourages ________________ thinking and confident decision making.

Answer: analytical

Question: Use these basic steps of critical thinking when problem solving:

Answer:

Question: Ask open-ended questions, which means:

Answer: avoid questions that require only a yes or no answer.

Question: Reflective communication

Answer: to afford the opportunity to examine behaviors and interactions, act as a verbal “mirror”, and restate what the patient has said for clarification by all parties.

Question: Most often, special-needs patients are accompanied by a family member or caregiver. If so authorized by the patient, you may

Answer: share the instructions (verbal and written) with the family member or caregiver.

Question: The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has sponsored research for recommendations to provide

Answer: culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS) to patients to improve access to care, quality of care, and, ultimately, health outcomes.

Question: The Office of Minority Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has DEFINED cultural competencies as

Answer: “the social groups influencing a person’s culture and self-identity [which] include not only race, ethnicity, and religion, but also gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, and socio-economic status.”

Question: There is also a different approach to communicating with pediatric patients. Dr. John M. Purvis suggest using four Es:

Answer: encouragement, empathy, enlistment, and education-to engage the child in health care matters. The language you use is important because you want to avoid intimidating the young patient.