Question: Buffer

Answer:

Question: Neutralization

Answer: The mixing of equal mole portions of an acid with a base, regardless of their concentrations and strengths.

Neutralized solution has equal moles of hydroxide ion and hydronium ion.

Neutralization does not mean to make the pH of the solution equal to 7.

Question: Equivalence point

Answer:

Question: pH range for buffers

Answer: According to convention the ratio of weak acid and weak conjugate base cannot exceed 10:1 (or 1:10). The range is pKa±1

Question: Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

Answer: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])

As [conjugate base] increases, pH increases.

As [conjugate acid] increases, pH decreases.