Question: Summary

Answer: Sedation, muscle relaxation, analgesia

Approval (US):

Xylazine- horses, dogs, cats, deer

Detomidine- horses

Dexmedetomidine- dogs, cats (v. effective)

Romifidine- horses (less common

Helpful with difficult to handle animals (more potent and faster than “ace”)

Question: Mechanism of Action

Answer: CNS depression by stimulating alpha2 receptors in CNS and peripherally

Reduce release of excitatory neurotransmitters (norepinephrine)

Sedation, muscle relaxation and analgesia produced

Sedation better after phenothiazines

Muscle relaxation from inhibition of polysynaptic reflexes (spinal cord)

Question: Specificity

Answer: Dexmedetomidine most alpha 2 specific (alpha1:2 is 1620:1) while xylazine is least (160:1)

Question: CV Effects

Answer:

Question: Respiratory Effects

Answer: