Psychology Chapter 15 Test Answers

In the harmful dysfunction definition of psychological disorders, dysfunction involves what?

ANSWER : The inability of a psychological mechanism to preform its function.

Dr. Anastasia believe that major depressive disorder is caused by an over-secretion of cortisol. His view on the cause of major depressive disorder reflects a ___________ perspective.

ANSWER : Biological

A positive feature of the DSM-V, which helps psychologist and psychiatrists is?

ANSWER : It provides a common language for diagnosing disorders.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “The stress model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress.”

ANSWER : Insert the word “diathesis-” before the first appearance of the word “stress.”

Panic disorder is characterized by what?

ANSWER : Unpredictable episodes of intense dread, accompanied by chest pains and/or choking sensations.

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

ANSWER : Repetitive thoughts and urge, a well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts.

Suicide rates are __________ among men than among women, and they are __________ during the winter holiday season than during the spring months.

ANSWER : Higher;Lower

In which context were the symptoms of PTSD first observed?

ANSWER : Combat

If Laura has a bipolar disorder, then she ____________.

ANSWER : Often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania.

People with borderline personality disorder often ___________.

ANSWER : Are impulsive and unpredictable

Schizophrenia is considered a _____________ disorder.

ANSWER : Psychotic

Which of the following is false of dissociative disorders?

ANSWER : People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

ANSWER : Becoming split off, or dissociated, from one’s care sense of self

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan’s personality?

ANSWER : Narcissistic personality disorder

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder?

ANSWER : Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is false of dissociative disorders?

ANSWER : People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?

ANSWER : popular music that promotes suicide

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________.

ANSWER : dissociative fugue

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Mae notices that her daughter, Natalie, is extremely preoccupied with the freckles on her nose. Mae can barely see the freckles, but Natalie spends hours in front of the mirror and recently declared that her nose is deformed and she is ugly. She spent her entire weekend applying products to eliminate the freckles, and she recently announced her plans to save money for plastic surgery. Mae believes her daughter may have a ________ disorder.

ANSWER : body dysmorphic

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not an example of suicidal ideation?

ANSWER : fearing you will die

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

ANSWER : repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

ANSWER : schizophrenia

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

ANSWER : obsessive-compulsive

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan’s personality?

ANSWER : narcissistic personality disorder

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder?

ANSWER : experiencing trauma in isolation

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

ANSWER : often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?

ANSWER : orbitofrontal cortex

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

ANSWER : becoming split off, or dissociated, from one’s core sense of self

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?

ANSWER : It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts Joffrey talks and moves slowly. When asked a question, he answers slowly in monotone monosyllables, if he answers at all. Joffrey is experiencing psychomotor________.

ANSWER : retardation

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests?

ANSWER : autism spectrum disorder

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff’s personality?

ANSWER : obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of a flashback?

ANSWER : Eugene was in a motorcycle accident. When he hears a sudden loud noise he relives the accident and feels as if it is happening all over again.

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku’s personality?

ANSWER : antisocial personality disorder

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts A psychological disorder is a ________.

ANSWER : condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Unanswered 

Question 21 0 / 1 pts Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry’s personality?

ANSWER : dependent personality disorder

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this?

ANSWER : somatic

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Lovell is noticeably fidgety and jittery. He can’t sit still; he paces, wrings his hands, and pulls at his clothing constantly. Lovell suffers from psychomotor________.

ANSWER : agitation

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

ANSWER : excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

ANSWER : phobia

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts A recent study compared the vaccination histories of 256 children with autism spectrum disorder with that of 752 control children across three time periods during their first two years of life. Researchers found that ________.

ANSWER : the quantity of immunogens from vaccines received during the first two years of life were not at all related to the development of autism spectrum disorder

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts ________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

ANSWER : anxiety

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole’s major depressive disorder is ________?

ANSWER : episodic

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.

ANSWER : generalized anxiety disorder

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.

ANSWER : anxiety

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Etiology is another word for ________.

ANSWER : causes

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

ANSWER : lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Why do so many people believe there is a link between autism and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine?

ANSWER : A prestigious medical journal published a paper, which was later retracted, that identified a link.

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts Due to Dominique’ s obsessive-compulsive disorder, she may ________.

ANSWER : wash her hands every 10 minutes throughout the day.

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts The belief that you ________ is an example of a delusion.

ANSWER : can perform miracles

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

ANSWER : Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts ________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

ANSWER : paranoid

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “Acrophobia is characterized by intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape or receive help if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack.”

ANSWER : change the word “acrophobia” to the word “agoraphobia”

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.

ANSWER : being outside the home alone

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true?

 “A person diagnosed with a specific anxiety experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear about a particular object or situation.”

ANSWER : change the word “anxiety” to the word “phobia”

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

ANSWER : appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

ANSWER : differs markedly from the expectations of one’s culture

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is incorrect?

ANSWER : This disorder involves feeling overwhelmed and sad for extended periods of time.

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

ANSWER : seasonal pattern

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can’t hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away.

ANSWER : disorganized thinking

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts ________are mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as wearing bland, neutral clothes to avoid drawing attention to oneself.

ANSWER : safety behaviors

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

ANSWER : Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?

ANSWER : Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly.

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “For centuries, psychological disorders were viewed from a natural perspective: attributed to a force beyond scientific understanding.”

ANSWER : change the word “natural” to the word “supernatural”

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Who identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction?

ANSWER : Jerome C. Wakefield

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts Veena’s thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

ANSWER : schizophrenia

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn’t go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole’s personality?

ANSWER : avoidant personality disorder

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts What is comorbidity?

ANSWER : co-occurrence of two disorders

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.

ANSWER : diathesis-stress

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts ________ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt.

ANSWER : suicidal ideation

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts Identify the obsession in the following sentence. “Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands.”

ANSWER : concern over germs

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of schizotypal personality disorder?

ANSWER : Stella laughed when her dog died and cried while watching a funny movie.

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of avolition?

ANSWER : lack of motivation to bathe yourself

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts Egon can’t pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won’t sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

ANSWER : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of histrionic personality disorder?

ANSWER : Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention.

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts What kind of symptoms involves reflecting noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

ANSWER : negative

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can’t afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

ANSWER : mania

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________.

ANSWER : that applies to women who experience an episode of major depression either during pregnancy or in the four weeks following childbirth

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?

ANSWER : Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing a social anxiety disorder?

ANSWER : behavioral inhibition

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

ANSWER : Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can’t stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

ANSWER : organizing the books

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

ANSWER : borderline personality disorder

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a reason that ADHD may be overdiagnosed?

ANSWER : The amount of ADHD in the population has increased tenfold since it was first identified.

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

ANSWER : posttraumatic stress

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts The ________ perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ________perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders.

ANSWER : biological; psychological

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.

ANSWER : dissociative identity

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “The psychological perspective views disorders as linked to biological phenomena, such as genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities.”

ANSWER : change the word “psychological” to the word “biological”

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.

ANSWER : psychotic

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Who argued that the notion of mental illness was invented by society (and the mental health establishment) to stigmatize and subjugate people whose behavior violates accepted social and legal norms?

ANSWER : Thomas Szasz

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts ________ is a subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year.

ANSWER : seasonal pattern

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

ANSWER : Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder?

ANSWER : Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is true about neurodevelopmental disorders?

ANSWER : All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in early childhood.

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “The stress model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress.”

ANSWER : insert the word “diathesis-” before the first appearance of the word “stress”