1.5 Developments In Africa

Question: kin-based networks

Answer: System of political structure where families governed themselves and interacted.

Question: chief

Answer: Male head of the network of families who mediated conflicts and dealt with neighboring groups.

Question: Hausa Kingdoms

Answer: Hausa ethnic group formed seven city states with no central authority. Specialized city states formed. They benefited from the trans-Saharan trade.

Question: trans-Saharan trade

Answer: Exchange of goods across the largest African desert.

Question: Ghana

Answer: Between the Sahara and west African rainforests. Different location than modern Ghana. Rulers sold gold and ivory to Muslim traders in exchange for salt, copper, cloth, and tools. The king ruled a centralized government with nobles and an iron-clad army.

Question: Mali

Answer:

Question: Indian Ocean trade

Answer: Connected East Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia. Zimbabwe was tied in through Swahili city states and prospered through its rich gold field and taxes on it.

Question: Zimbabwe

Answer: The name means “dwellings” in Bantu. They made their houses of stone.

Prospered on agriculture, grazing, trade, and gold.

Question: Great Zimbabwe

Answer: City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.

Question: Ethiopia

Answer: Christianity had spread, though it had to compete with Islam and its influence was weakened in Africa. Yet, this kingdom embraced Christianity.

They made 11 churches of entirely rock.

Island of Christianity on Africa. Developed independently of the Catholic or Orthodox churches.