Who Highlighted The Reproductive Advantages Of Environmentally Adaptive Traits

Question: Who highlighted the reproductive advantages of environmentally adaptive traits?

Answer: Charles Darwin

Question: William James was a prominent American whose interest in pragmatic philosophy led him to an approach emphasizing cause and effect, which eventually came to be named

Answer: functionalism

Question: The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a(n)

Answer: psychiatrist.

Question: Wilhelm Wundt is to ____________, as William James is to __________.

Answer: structuralism; functionalism

Question: Archival research, naturalistic observation, survey research and case studies are _______ research.

Answer: descriptive

Question: A subfield of psychology that studies how the brain and the nervous system determine behavior is called

Answer: Behavioral neuroscience

Question: A psychologist who studies logical reasoning is called

Answer: Cognitive psychologist

Question: A psychologist interested in how people changes from adolescence to middle adulthood is likely a

Answer: Developmental psychologist

Question: Health psychology explores the relationship between __________ factors and _________ ailments

Answer: psychological; physical

Question: Behavioral science studies how our ______ influences our behavior

Answer: Body

Question: A subfield of psychology that focuses on higher mental processes is called

Answer: cognitive psychology

Question: Conscious and Unconscious is another major question of psychologists , which concerns how much of our ___________ are produced by forces we are aware

Answer: Behaviors

Question: Experiments involve __________ one variable and observing the effect on another variable

Answer: Manipulating

Question: An __________ is a investigation of the relationships between two or more variables by deliberately changing one variable in a controlled situation and observing the effects of that change on other aspects of the situation

Answer: Experiment

Question: The only way psychologist can establish cause and effect relationships through research is by carrying out a research ____________

Answer: Experiment

Question: The translation of a hypothesis into specific, testable procedures that can be measured and observed is called

Answer: Operational Definition

Question: Scientific Method in order

Answer: Identify a questionDevelop a questionTest the HypothesisCommunicate the findings

Question: An in depth intensive investigation of an individual or small group is called

Answer: case study

Question: ____________ is the scientific study of behavior and mental process

Answer: Psychology

Question: A __________ is a prediction stemming from a theory that is stated in a way that allows it to be tested

Answer: Hypothesis

Question: Structuralism focuses on

Answer: Mental processes

Question: The process of systematically inquiring knowledge and understanding through the use of theories and testing hypothesis is called

Answer: scientific method

Question: Behaviors, events or other characteristics that can change or vary in an experiment is called

Answer: Variables

Question: Gestalt psychologists believe that, when it comes to perception, the whole is:

Answer: is different from the sum of its parts

Question: Cognitive psychology focuses on:

Answer: Language; Judging; Problem solving

Question: In an experiment, the ______________ variable is expected to change as a result of experimental manipulation

Answer: Independent

Question: When someone unintentionally transmits his expectations to his participants in an experiment, it is called:

Answer: Experimental bias

Question: _______-_________ psychology investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnics groups

Answer: Cross-Cultural

Question: ________________ focuses on the role behavior plays in helping people adapt to their environments

Answer: Functionalism

Question: When considering the influential women in psychology, ______ Stetter Hollingworth was one of the first psychologists, and Mary _______ studied.

Answer: Leta; Calkins

Question: Random assignment to condition is a procedure where __________ are assigned to either the treatment or control group on the basis of chance

Answer: Participants

Question: A ____________ participates in a study but also, unbeknown to the other participants, works for the experimenter

Answer: Confederate

Question: A subfield of psychology that studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others is called

Answer: Social psychology

Question: Nature versus nurture and conscious versus unconscious are considered _____ issues addressed by psychologists.

Answer: Key

Question: The scientific method encompasses the process of identifying, asking and __________ questions.

Answer: Answering

Question: The perspective of psychology that focuses primarily on unconscious behavior is

Answer: Psychodynamic

Question: A procedure used to study the structure of the mind in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experienced when they are exposed to a stimulus is called

Answer: Introspection

Question: Who created the first psychology laboratory

Answer: Wilhelm Wundt

Question: A ______ is a degree that requires the completion of original research, where as a ________ is a degree for those wisihng to focus on the treatment of psychological disorder

Answer: PhD; PsyD

Question: Viewing the slips of the tongue as an indicator of the person's actual feelings would be considered the usage of what perspective?

Answer: Psychodynamic

Question: Who led the Gestalt movement

Answer: Hermann Ebbinghaus and Max Wertheimer