A Researcher Claims That Different Metabolic Pathways

Question:

Answer: Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the active sites occupied by substrate will increase.

Question: A researcher claims that the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) is essential to cellular function.

Which of the following statements best helps justify the researcher’s claim?

Answer: ATP hydrolysis is an energy-releasing reaction that is often coupled with reactions that require an input of energy.

Question: A researcher claims that only a portion of the light energy captured by green plants is available for growth and repair.

Which of the following observations best helps justify the researcher’s claim?

Answer: As light energy is converted to chemical energy by metabolic processes, some of the energy is lost as heat.

Question: Figure 1. ATP production by three metabolic pathways following the start of an intense period of exercise

Which of the following correctly uses the data to justify the claim that the phosphagen system is an immediate, short-term source of ATP for muscle cells?

Answer: ATP production by the phosphagen system increases and decreases rapidly following the start of the exercise period.

Question: If the experiment is repeated at pH 11, the observed activity level of the enzyme will most likely be

Answer: lower than the level at pH 9

Question: A researcher claims that increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels cause increased growth rates in plants.

Which of the following statements best supports the researcher’s claim?

Answer: Atmospheric carbon dioxide is the raw material for photosynthesis, which plants rely on for producing sugars and other organic compounds.

Question:

Answer: No ATP is synthesized when channel proteins that allow the free passage of protons are inserted into the thylakoid membrane.

Question: A scientist claims that Elysia chlorotica, a species of sea slug, is capable of photosynthesis.

Which of the following observations provides the best evidence to support the claim?

Answer: Elysia chlorotica grows when exposed to light in the absence of other food sources.

Question:

Answer: Glycolysis proceeds when the intracellular concentration of ATP is low, which provides ATP to drive cellular reactions.

Question: Which of the following best predicts how the structure and function of pepsin will change as it enters the small intestine?

Answer: Pepsin will change in shape because of the basic environment of the small intestine; therefore, its enzymatic activity will decrease.