Diabetes Is Most Accurately Defined As

Hemoglobin is:

found within the red blood cells and is responsible for carrying oxygen.

Insulin functions in the body by:

enabling glucose to enter the cells.

A 28-year-old female patient is found to be responsive to verbal stimuli only. Her roommate states that she was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and has had difficulty controlling her blood sugar level. She further tells you that the patient has been urinating excessively and has progressively worsened over the last 24 to 36 hours. On the basis of this patient's clinical presentation, you should suspect that she:

is significantly hyperglycemic.

Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as a(n):

disorder of glucose metabolism.

The purpose of the endocrine system is to send ______________ throughout the body to control its function.

messages

A 42-year-old male is found unresponsive on his couch by a neighbor. During your assessment, you find no signs of trauma and the patient's blood glucose level is 75 mg/dL. His blood pressure is 168/98 mm Hg, his heart rate is 45 beats/min and bounding, and his respirations are 8 breaths/min and irregular. The patient is wearing a medical alert bracelet that states he has hemophilia. You should:

suspect that he has intracranial bleeding, assist his ventilations, and transport rapidly to an appropriate hospital.

Glipizide, a non-insulin-type medication, is another name for:

Glucotrol.

Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when:

insulin is not available in the body.

You respond to a movie theater for a 70-year-old male who is confused. His wife tells you he has type 2 diabetes but refuses to take his pills. Your assessment reveals that the patient is diaphoretic, tachycardic, and tachypneic. Initial management for this patient should include:

applying a nonrebreathing mask at 15 L/min.

A 31-year-old male with a history of diabetes had a seizure that stopped prior to EMS arrival. He is unresponsive and has rapid, shallow breathing. His pulse is rapid and weak and his skin is cyanotic. The EMT should:

assist the patient's ventilations with a bag-valve mask.

During your assessment of a 70-year-old woman, she tells you that she takes blood-thinning medication and has to wear compression stockings around her legs. This information should make you suspect that she has:

deep vein thrombosis.

Patients with thrombophilia are at an increased risk for:

pulmonary embolism.

In general, oral glucose should be given to any patient who:

has an altered mental status and a history of diabetes.

Patients experiencing a sickle cell crisis should receive which of the following treatments to help improve perfusion?

Supplemental oxygen to hypersaturate the remaining hemoglobin

A 29-year-old female presents with confusion and disorientation. Her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. She is markedly diaphoretic and has an oxygen saturation of 89%. You should:

provide ventilatory support.

Type 1 diabetes:

is a condition in which no insulin is produced by the body.

The normal glucose range in non-fasting children and adults is ____________.

80-120 mg/dL

A 19-year-old male complains of "not feeling right." His insulin and a syringe are on a nearby table. The patient says he thinks he took his insulin and cannot remember whether he ate. He is also unable to tell you the time or what day it is. The glucometer reads "error" after several attempts to assess his blood glucose level. You should:

contact medical control and administer oral glucose.

Which of the following medications can an EMT administer to an unconscious diabetic patient?

None of these answers are correct.

Assessment of a patient with hypoglycemia will MOST likely reveal:

combativeness.

If your patient has hypoglycemia, when can you expect him or her to improve after treatment?

Immediately

Which symptom is the same in both hyperglycemic patients and hypoglycemic patients?

Blood pressure

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and secrete which of the following chemical substances?

Hormones

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a condition in which?

Glucose utilization is impaired

Which of the following conditions is NOT a severe complication of diabetes?

Liver failure

A 45-year old man with insulin-dependent diabetes is found unresponsive. Which of the following questions is MOST important to ask his wife?

Did he take his insulin today?

The blood glucose level in a neonate should be above?

70 mg/dL

When you suspect a diabetes-related problem, a secondary assessment should focus on the patients mental status and ability to?

Swallow

You are assessing a 27-year old man with altered mental status. You notice a medical ID bracelet that confirms the patient is diabetic. A blood glucose check shows the patients level is 56 mg/dL. The patient is conscious and can maintain his own airway and swallow. What should your next action be?

Administer oral glucose between the cheek and gums.

Which type of oral glucose is the most commonly used by EMS providers?

Rapidly dissolving gel

One tube of oral glucose gel equals one______-g dose?

15g

Seizures can be caused by?

Hypoglycemia

Indiabetes, altered mental status cane be caused by?

Ketoacidosis

Emergency medical care of a seizure includes putting the patient in which position?

On his or her side.

Which of the following is considered a hematologic disorder?

Both sickle cell disease and hemophilia A

In a healthy person, which component of blood has low levels?

Leukocytes

___________ is a disorder in the body's ability to maintain the viscosity and smooth flow of blood through the venous and arterial systems.

Thrombophilia

Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that affects the red blood cells and is predominantly found in African Americans. Which one of the following is NOT a complication of sickle cell disease?

Congestive heart failure

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of sickle cell crisis?

Pulse is weak and slow

Which oxygen-delivering device is typically used when administering oxygen to a patient with a hematologic disorder?

Non-rebreathing mask