Research On Memory Construction Indicates That

Hearing the word "rabbit" may lead people to spell the spoken word "hair" as "h-a-r-e." This best illustrates the outcome of a process known as:

chunking.

Compulsive gamblers frequently recall losing less money than is actually the case. Their memory failure best illustrates:

motivated forgetting.

Among contemporary memory researchers, increasing numbers think that ______ rarely, if ever, occurs.

repression.

Research on memory construction indicates that memories of past experiences are likely to be:

distorted by our current expectations.

An inability to retrieve information learned in the past is called:

retrograde amnesia.

When 80-year-old Ida looked at one of her old wedding pictures, she was flooded with vivid memories of her parents, her husband, and the early years of her marriage. The picture served as a powerful:

retrieval cue.

Explicit memory is also known as:

declarative memory.

Which measure of memory is used on a test that requires matching glossary terms with their correct definitions?

recall.

Retention of skills and classically conditioned associations without conscious recollection is known as ________ memory.

implicit.

In the study led by Elizabeth Loftus, two groups of observers were asked how fast two cars had been going in a filmed traffic accident. Observers who heard the vividly descriptive word "smashed" in relation to the accident later recalled:

broken glass at the scene of the accident.

Encoding verbal information semantically involves:

deep processing.

Mood-congruent memory best illustrates that the emotions we experienced while learning something become:

retrieval cues.

Research on memory construction indicates that:

it is very difficult to lead people to construct memories of events that never happened.

The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle items is known as the ________ effect.

serial position.

The address for obtaining tickets to a popular quiz show flashes on the TV screen, but the image disappears before Sergei has had a chance to write down the complete address. To his surprise, however, he has retained a momentary mental image of the five-digit zip code. His experience best illustrates ________ memory.

iconic.

The experience of memory loss is called:

amnesia.

Encoding a written word semantically rather than on the basis of the word's written appearance illustrates a distinction between:

implicit and explicit memory.

Which of the following questions would best enable you to remember that you saw the word PEACH on today's test?

Does the word rhyme with teach?

Which type of memory has an essentially limitless capacity?

long-term memory.

Judy is embarrassed because she momentarily fails to remember a good friend's name. Judy's poor memory most likely results from a failure in:

retrieval.

Elevated levels of stress hormones most clearly contribute to developing:

flashbulb memories.

Which part of the brain plays a key role in forming and storing the implicit memories created by classical conditioning?

cerebellum.

When an eyewitness to an auto accident is asked to describe what happened, which measure of memory is being used?

recall.

After attending group therapy sessions for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse, Karen mistakenly remembered details from others' traumatic life stories as part of her own life history. This best illustrates the dangers of:

source amnesia.

For a moment after hearing his dog's high-pitched bark, Mr. Silvers has a vivid auditory impression of the dog's yelp. His experience most clearly illustrates ________ memory.

echoic.