Select All The Statements Describing Igor Stravinsky.

France's World Exhibition of 1889

introduced many artists to non-Western art and music.

Censorship by Soviet and Nazi governments

led some artists to leave their homeland in order to freely produce works elsewhere.

Which of the following artistic innovations most directly influenced the birth of impressionism?

The invention of oil paint in tubes

The invention of oil paints sold in tubes was a boon to artists who preferred painting outdoors, because the new paints were impervious to rain and other weather conditions.

False

The term surrealism can be interpreted as meaning "beyond the real."

True

Which of the following artistic styles may have developed in reaction to the events of World War I? Check all that apply.

Surrealism, Romanticism, Industrialism

What is expressionism, and from what other style did it originate? Describe the social and political circumstances that led many German artists to express themselves in this style.

...

Discuss the influence of the Soviet and Nazi governments on their artists and composers. Give specific examples.

...

DEBUSSY, Prelude a L'apres-midi d'un faune (Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun) (1894)

Symphonic Poem, AA'BA", Moderate Tempo, Irregular Meter

Claude Debussy, Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun

Wonderful flute melody, unmistakeable. soft slow. Whimsical.

Prélude à "L'après-midi d'un faune"

Impressionism

Which instrument states the melody in the excerpt?

Flute

Listen again to Prélude à "L'après-midi d'un faune" (Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun") by Debussy and answer the following questions.

What instrument plays the opening melody?
Trumpet
Flute Correct
Harp
Violin

What instruments that are common to most orchestras are not used in this piece?
Violins
Bassoons, although there is a contra bassoon at one point
Brass, other than horn, and percussion, other than antique cymbals Correct
Harps

Does the opening melody return later in the piece?
No, it never returns.
Yes, it returns, but only at the very end, and it is not played all the way through.
Yes, it repeats over and over many times, but each time it is varied by embellishments.
Yes, a second time after it is first played, then again near the end. Correct

What is the form of this piece?
AABB
AA' B A'' Coda Correct
There are no repeating sections that could be represented by letters describing form.
ABACABA

What is the general mood of this piece, and how does that mood reflect impressionism?
The mood is very passionate, with rushing strings and pounding bass drums and timpani. Impressionistic paintings often are also full of passion and even lust.
The mood is happy, with rhythms that make one want to dance, in much the same way that impressionistic painters used a lot of sunshine to express happiness in their works.
The mood is gentle, and the music lacks clear outlines and has a sense of vagueness often found in impressionistic art. Correct
The mood is very slow and somber, with many descending melodies. It is much sadder than what one usually sees in impressionistic paintings.

What is the meter?
There is no regular beat or recognizable meter. Correct
Triple
Sextuple
Duple

If you were going to describe this composition to a friend, what might you say?
This is a very happy piece of dance music.
This piece is so sad and full of descending melodies that one wonders what story might be behind it.
This piece is gentle, and its meandering beat gives it the same sense of freedom one sees in many impressionistic artworks. Correct
This piece could be used as background for a passionate love scene in a movie, except that the percussion instruments might get in the way of the dialogue.

Listen carefully for the multiple effects that contribute to the impressionistic quality in this passage. When the answer choices appear, identify one effect that does not contribute to the impressionistic quality in this passage.

Jaunty trumpet solo

Listen carefully to the harp in this section. It interjects fast arpeggios as decoration. How many of these decorations does it interject?

Three

What is the meter in this passage?

Irregular and obscured

Close your eyes and focus on the feelings and images that this piece evokes. What is the overall mood of this work?

Emotionally restrained

What are the prominent instruments at work in this passage?

Flute and harp, interrupted by oboe

The last two notes are played very softly by the strings. What technique is used to play those two notes?

Plucked (pizzicato)

Although harp arpeggios are used in both pieces, Prélude à L'après-midi d'un faune makes heavy use of harp ________.

glissandos

"The Moldau" was written to appeal to Bohemian nationalism, whereas Prélude à "L'après-midi d'un faune" was written to appeal to the listener's _______.

senses

Which of the following is a major musical difference between the two pieces?

"The Moldau" contains strong melodies, whereas Prélude à "L'après-midi d'un faune" does not.

Which of the following, as shown in these two pieces, describes opposing ideals between romantic music and impressionist music?

Emotion versus sensuousness

Which of the following describes a characteristic difference between the music of the two pieces?

"The Moldau" is obvious, whereas Prélude à L'après-midi d'un faune is subtle.

Select all the ways in which "The Moldau" and Prélude à "L'après-midi d'un faune" are different.

Clear repetition of sections, The use of strings

What did Debussy and Ravel have in common?

They utilized non-Western modes and scales.

How does Ravel's music differ from Debussy's?

Ravel had a classical orientation toward form and balance.

What programmatic orchestral piece by Debussy depicts, in a general way, a forest creature?

Prelude to "The Afternoon of a Faun"

All of the following apply to the impressionist movement in music except:

direct quotations of dance rhythms and music from non-Western cultures.

Which of the following statements does not describe impressionist painting?

Impressionist painters sought to capture literary reality instead of visual interpretations of subjects.

What was the name of the poetic style that experimented with rhythm, sound, and the clustering of images to suggest moods or emotions?

Symbolism

Which of the following characteristics is not typical of impressionist music?

Steady, rhythmic pulse

How did Debussy move from one tone color to another in Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun?

By beginning a melody with one instrument and continuing the melody with another.

Debussy was an outspoken critic of which composer?

Wagner

Who created the work Impression: Sunrise?

Claude Monet

STRAVINSKY, Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring), Excerpt (1913)

Ballet Music, Programmatic, Tempo and Meter Vary

STRAVINSKY, Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring), Excerpt (1913)

slow bassonish ominous ish
da dada da dum de daaaaa

Who is the composer of this work?

Igor Stravinsky

What is the title of this piece?

Le Sacre du printemps

To what musical style does this piece belong?

Primitivism

Which instrument states the melody in the excerpt?

Bassoon

Listen again to Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring), Introduction, by Stravinsky and answer the following questions.

What instrument plays the introductory melody in this piece?
Violin
The double bass section
Bassoon Correct
Harp

What is the story told in this ballet?
Several pairs of lovers meet in a beautiful meadow in the spring and dance together.
Russian aristocrats are on a hunt in the springtime.
There really is no story. The audience is supposed to enjoy the dancers twirling around the stage and the male dancers catching the female ones who jump into their arms.
Russian peasants choose a young virgin to dance herself to death so that spring will come out of the death of winter. Correct

What kinds of costumes did the dancers wear in the first performance of this work?
The costumes were brightly colored and bulky. Correct
Pastel colored tights and leotards, and the women had skirts and tutus.
All white tights and leotards with white headdresses that looked like ice crystals.
All black tights and leotards, and the women had skirts.

What was unusual about the dancing?
Everyone danced as a group with no one drawing attention to oneself.
The dancers clenched their fists and hunched their shoulders, walking with heads held down on slightly bent knees. Correct
This was one of the first performances in which the dancers twirled around as many as three or four times before being caught by their male counterparts.
Tap dancing was used and that is not usual for ballet

What is the tempo?
Allegretto
Grave
Moderato
It varies throughout the work. Correct

What was the audience's reaction to the first performance of this ballet?
They didn't like the black costumes being used to represent springtime.
Lots of toe tapping because they loved the inclusion of tap dancing.
Grand applause and great reviews.
Boos, catcalls, and the accusation that Stravinsky had destroyed music as art. Correct

If you were going to describe this composition to a friend, what might you say?
Russian aristocrats, with their colorful, bulky costumes, seem very proud and noble.
The dance is beautiful, but it doesn't seem like there is any story behind it.
This is a beautiful expression of love and passion.
Given the story, costumes, dance, and irregularity in the music, it is understandable that the 1913 audience did not like the work.

STRAVINSKY, Concerto in E-Flat Major, the Dumbarton Oaks Concerto, first movement (1938)

Chamber Concerto, Free Form, Tempo Giusto, Meter Varies

STRAVINSKY, Concerto in E-Flat Major, the Dumbarton Oaks Concerto, first movement (1938)

Very up beat logs of flute and staccato

Who is the composer of this work?

Igor Stravinsky

What is the title of this piece?

Dumbarton Oaks, Concerto in E-Flat Major, I

To what musical style does this piece belong?

Neoclassicism

What is the texture of this music?

Mostly polyphonic

What is the tempo here, at the beginning of the piece?

Allegro and precise

In this passage, what is the texture of the music?

Polyphonic

Listen closely for the entrance of the violas, which are imitated by violins, string basses, and then cellos. What baroque form does Stravinsky use here?

Fugue

How do the strings draw this section to a close?

With fast descending lines

How does the end differ from the rest of what you have heard in this piece?

The end is slower, softer, and smoother.

Decide whether the descriptions below are characteristics of primitive or neoclassical music, and classify them accordingly.

Primitive : Use of folk elements, use of angular melodies and offbeat, savage rhythms, lack of any traditional sense of structure

Neoclassical: Use of objectivity and balanced formal structure, influenced by music of the baroque period, emotional restrained. use of recitative-stye dialogue

Complete the statements about the music and life of Igor Stravinsky. Some terms or names will not be used.

The ballet that first made Stravinsky famous, written in 1909, was
The Firebird.

Although he never went to a music conservatory, Stravinsky had the advantage of studying with Rimsky-Korsakov, a prominent Russian composer

All three of Stravinsky's early ballets were written for the Ballet Russes, led by Sergei Diaghilev.

Based on Russian pagan tales, Stravinsky's ballet, The Rite of Spring caused a riot at its premiere in Paris.

Part of the reason for the riot at the premiere was the shocking choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky.

As Stravinsky moved into his neoclassical phase, he looked back to Bach for his work, the Dumbarton Oaks Concertos.

Although the opera, The Rake's Progress, is written in the neoclassical style, it still features Stravinsky's trademark syncopated and varied rhythms.

The texture and rhythms of Stravinsky's Dumbarton Oaks Concertos were based on

Bach's Brandenburg Concertos.

What did the ballet The Rite of Spring depict?

Ancient pagan Russian peasant rites

Why did the premiere performance of The Rite of Spring create such a stir?

Because a riot broke out

Stravinsky's The Firebird was commissioned for a Russian ballet company, but where did the ballet music premiere?

The Paris Opera

Stravinsky socialized with the most distinguished musical and artistic figures in Europe. Which of the
following persons did Stravinsky not know?

Berlioz

With which Russian composer and member of "the Five" did Stravinsky study?

Rimsky-Korsakov

What term is used to describe art or music in the early twentieth century that is based on objectivity,
balanced formal structure, and emotional restraint?

Neoclassical

Which statement is not true about The Rite of Spring?

It has three large parts.

What artistic style emerged from the French World Exhibition in 1889, which introduced images, music, and dance
from many non-Western cultures?

Primitivism

How long did it take for audiences to appreciate the music of The Rite of Spring?

One year after its debut, when it was performed without the dance