Which Of The Following Is An Example Of Actor-Observer Bias

Which of the following is an example of actor-observer bias?

Akbar believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence, yet Tim is unable to stop gambling because he is addicted to gambling.

Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good
acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the
casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of
________.

self-serving bias

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?

Louis says he got a "D" on the psychology test because the test was hard and an "A" on the English test because he prepared well.

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is
bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor.
He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels
some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also
called ________.

cognitive dissonance

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route
persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of central route
persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________
to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment
would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock
treatment was faked.

confederate

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the
accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the
only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the
other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt.
This is an example of the ________ effect.

Asch

Which of the following is an example of the self-fulfilling
prophecy?

telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to
associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people
that do not belong to this group. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.

in-group

If a person says that actors make effective spokespeople for potato
chips because they are above average in attractiveness, which approach
is that person using to explain attitude change?

Yale attitude change

________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals
based solely on their same-sex orientation.

Homophobia

Dale thinks that women shouldn't work outside the home and vows
never to hire a woman at his bank. Dale's attitudes and planned course
of action are ________.

sexist

Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players,
cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying
________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their
membership in a group.

stereotypes

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the
following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet
training?

Simon bites his mother

The ________ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.

bystander effect.

Travis is part of a group playing tug-of-war. He knows that his
team is stronger, so he doesn't try as hard as he could. Travis is
engaged in ________.

social loafing

Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?

Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible.
They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both
of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility
for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can
say that their relationship has ________.

reciprocity

Mark and Rosa commit to support each other, but they have no real
physical passion and do not share their thoughts and feelings. Their
love is called ________.

empty

Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are
physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any
expectations beyond that. Their love is called ________.

romantic

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are
physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other.
Their love is called ________.

consummate

When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts,
feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called ________.

reciprocity

David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with
Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel's company, but he
tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ________
theory.

social exchange

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism?

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent
groupthink from occurring?

getting an outside persons opinion

What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment?

no control group

What is a major problem with the original Milgram study?

Milgram used deception with his subjects, making his study borderline unethical.

Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is
most
accurate?

There are 3 components: intimacy, passion, commitment

Which of the following makes it more likely that a child will be
bullied?

being different than others

What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Which type of social influence involves conformity to a group norm
prompted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct
information?

Informational

Who was Stanley Milgram?

social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

Which type of persuasion involves logic-driven arguments using data
and facts to convince people of an argument's worthiness?

Central route

Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to
a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger
favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the-door

Which type of persuasion involves an indirect route that relies on
association of peripheral cues to associate positivity with a message?

peripheral route

The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority
on an individual's judgment.

Asch

A(n) ________ is the evaluation of or feelings toward a person,
idea, or object that are typically positive or negative.

attitude

What is a social role?

expected behaviors and attitudes that come with one's position in society

Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?

Philip Zimbardo

What is modification of the opinions of members of a group to align
with what they believe is the group consensus?

groupthink

When it comes to social psychology, a script is a ________.

confederate

Which of the following best defines the Asch effect?

influence of the group majority on an individual's judgement

What is groupthink?

A mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members' striving for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternate courses of action

Following an outcome, ________ are those attributions that enable us
to see ourselves in favorable light.

Self-serving bias

Social psychology is a field that studies both interpersonal and
intrapersonal behavior. Which of the following is an example of
interpersonal behavior?

group processes

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.

dispositionism

Anna thinks that Bill is rude to her because she had to seat him in
a noisy, crowded area of the restaurant. Anna takes a ________ view of
Bill.

situationist

Behavior is a product of both the situation and the person. Which of
the following is an example of a situation that might influence
behavior?

being in a crowd of bystanders when you witness someone fainting.

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal
level. These topics include ________.

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition