Which Organism Is Most Closely Related To The Dolphin Why

Question: #1a. Using the data in the table, create a phylogenetic tree on the template provided to reflect the evolutionary relationships of the organisms. Provide reasoning for the placement on the tree of the species that is least related to the others.

Answer: Phylogenetic tree from left to right: D.polylepis, A.forsteri, G. gallus, E.africanus, E.ferus

D.polylepis has the most amount of differences in its amino acids.

Question: #1b. Identify whether morphological data or amino acid sequence data are more likely to accurately represent the true evolutionary relationships among the species, and provide reasoning for your answer

Answer: The amino acid sequence is more likely to accurately represent these relationships because the morphology of the species can still be very similar even if there are differences in amino acids.

Question: #3. Describe TWO features of natural selection that lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance in a population over many generations. Give ONE reason that the development of antibiotic resistance is an example of evolution.

Answer:

Question: #4a. Use the template provided to construct a cladogram based on the EPAS1 gene SNP sequences reported for each population. Circle the location on the cladogram that represents the most recent common ancestor of the populations shown in the table.

Answer:

Question: #4b. The EPAS1 gene shows strong indications of positive selection in Tibetans, a population located in a mountainous region in Asia. Describe how the specific EPAS1 gene SNP pattern shown above became common in the Tibetan population.

Answer: The specific EPAS1 gene SNP pattern became common due to natural selection taking out individuals without this gene pattern.