Environmental Consequences Of Connectivity

Question: Bubonic Plague

Answer: Also called the Black Death was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people

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Question: Boccaccio

Answer: (1313-1375) Wrote the Decameron which tells about ambitious merchants, portrays a sensual, and worldly society.

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Question: Champa Rice

Answer: Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (as part of the tributary system.)

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Question: Terrace Farming

Answer: a farming system that is in the form of steps going up a mountain; uplands and paddies in the lowlands, it was grown in many parts of China where once land was thought unuseable for growing rice.

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Question: bananas

Answer: Indonesian seafarers traveling across the Indian Ocean had introduced this crop to Sub-Saharan Africa. The nutrition-rich food led to a spike in population. Many Indonesians settled on the island of Madagascar. This crop allowed Bantu-speaking peoples with their metallurgy skills and farming techniques to migrate to places where yams - a traditional source of food - did not easily grow. To grow this crop, farmers increased land for cultivation, which enriched diets and led to population growth.

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Question: Samarkand

Answer: During the rule of Timur Lane was the most influential captial city, a wealthy trading center known for decorated mosques and tombs. New foods were available at the markets along the trade routes. For example, this town introduced new fruits and vegetables as well as rice and citrus products from Southwest Asia, to Europe.

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Question: Sugar

Answer: Their demand for sugar would become so high that it became a key factor in the massive use of enslaved people in the Americas in the 1500s and after.

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Question: Mongol Conquest

Answer: Helped to transmit the fleas that carried the bubonic plague, termed the Black Death, from southern China to Central Asia, and from there to Southeast Asia and Europe.

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Question: Carvanserai

Answer: Some historians believe that these locations that housed people and animals together may have contributed to the spread of the Bubonic plague, since the animals likely carried infected fleas.

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Question: Death toll of the Bubonic Plague

Answer: 1/3 of the population in just a few years (1346-1353); It also led to similar loss of life in other areas, including North Africa, China, and Central Asia. About 25 million Chinese and other Asians died between 1332-1347. South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa were spared because there were few trading ports in those regions.

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Question: Consequences of the Black Death

Answer: Farm workers could demand higher pay, which eventually collapsed the manorial system. Many more people moved to the cities. People thought God was punishing them for their sins, so they took to punishing themselves, added anti-semitic feelings, lost 1/3 of population.

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Question: Environmental Degradation

Answer: Overgrazing, Deforestation and Soil Erosion all occurred due to the introduction of new crops through the various trade networks.

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